iter rpe.1: retire per-type print effect-ops

Single iter shipping the post-milestone-24 follow-up named in
docs/specs/2026-05-14-retire-per-type-print-effects.md. After this
iter the only surviving direct-output effect-op is `io/print_str`;
all per-type print primitives are replaced by the polymorphic
`print` helper (prelude, iter 24.3).

Components:
- 92 examples/*.ail fixtures migrated (do io/print_<T> x) →
  (app print x); 6 .prose.txt snapshots regenerated via `ail prose`.
- Four-site lockstep compiler deletion: crates/ailang-check/src/builtins.rs
  (3 effect_ops.insert blocks + 3 list() rows + the
  install_io_print_float_signature test + module + EffectOpSig
  doc-comments); crates/ailang-codegen/src/lib.rs lower_app
  (3 arms + lowers_io_print_float test); crates/ailang-codegen/src/synth.rs
  builtin_effect_op_ret match-arm pattern. Dead `intern_string`
  helper removed as a follow-up.
- Five incidental test-body migrations (ailang-check x2, ailang-core
  spec_drift + design_schema_drift, ailang-surface/src/lex.rs,
  ailang-prose/src/lib.rs round-trip test).
- Cat B test-harness patch: six IR-shape tests in
  crates/ail/tests/e2e.rs gained a monomorphise_workspace call
  before lower_workspace_with_alloc so they follow the same
  pipeline as `ail build` (the home-rolled desugar+lift loop
  stayed because mono's precondition is "already lifted"; mono
  inserts after lift).
- Six doc-comment touch-ups (lex.rs module doc, parse.rs
  diagnostic example, ail/src/main.rs x2, runtime/str.c %g anchor,
  crates/ailang-core/specs/form_a.md surface-spec example).
- DESIGN.md seven-site sweep (Decision 11 example, Polymorphic
  print past-tense, Heap-Str output sentence, effect-op
  invocation comment, Float NaN paragraph re-anchored on
  float_to_str, two "What is supported" lists).
- Three E2E test-comment polish + four IR-snapshot refresh + one
  canonical-hash pin update (plan-unanticipated downstream
  consequences of the corpus migration).
- bench/{check,compile_check,cross_lang}.py: all exit 0; no
  ratification needed.
- Roadmap entry struck through; per-iter journal at
  docs/journals/2026-05-14-iter-rpe.1.md.

Tests 564/0/3. cargo clippy and cargo doc: zero warnings.

Two upstream codegen bugs surfaced during the first BLOCKED
attempt and were fixed in separate iters before this retry:
- 1fb225e bugfix: mono cursor misalignment at poly-free-fn Var
  with class-constrained Forall.
- feb9413 bugfix: print leak — propagate ret_mode through rigid
  substitution + prelude Show.show ret_mode.

Known debt (carried forward for next /audit):
- Emitter.strings field is functionally dead post-iter (orphan
  after intern_string removal); cycles over empty map harmlessly.

docs/DESIGN.md

@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ Every other maximal token is classified post-hoc:
 - Otherwise → ident.
 
 Consequence: operators like `+`, `==`, `<=`, `**`, qualified
-names like `io/print_int`, and cross-module references like
+names like `io/print_str`, and cross-module references like
 `std_list.map` are all single ident tokens with no special lex
 rule. The only reserved tokens are `(`, `)`, and whitespace.
 Bool literals (`true`, `false`) and unit (`(lit-unit)`) are
@@ -1987,9 +1987,10 @@ a => a -> () !IO` shipped in iter 24.3 with body
 `\x -> let s = show x in do io/print_str s` (explicit let-binder for
 heap-Str RC discipline per eob.1 Str carve-out). The let-binder is
 structurally pinned by `crates/ail/tests/print_mono_body_shape.rs`.
-Routing through `print` replaces the ad-hoc `io/print_int|bool|float`
-idiom for new code; retiring the per-type effect-ops is queued as a
-P2 follow-up.
+Routing through `print` replaces the ad-hoc per-type print
+effect-ops; the `io/print_int`, `io/print_bool`, `io/print_float`
+primitives were retired 2026-05-14 in iter rpe.1, leaving
+`io/print_str` as the only surviving direct-output effect-op.
 
 ### Heap-Str primitives
 
@@ -2021,8 +2022,12 @@ bodies dispatch into them. `str_concat` IS directly observable
 because the LLM-author calls it explicitly when authoring an
 instance body that wants to combine fragments.
 
-Primitive output goes through `io/print_int` / `io/print_bool` /
-`io/print_str` directly.
+Primitive output for `Str` values goes through `io/print_str`
+directly; values of other primitive types route through the
+polymorphic `print` helper (§"Polymorphic print"), which feeds
+the heap-Str result of `show x` into `io/print_str`. The per-type
+effect-ops `io/print_int`, `io/print_bool`, `io/print_float` were
+retired in iter rpe.1 (2026-05-14).
 
 `==`, `<`, `<=`, `>`, `>=` REMAIN primitive operators (unchanged
 from the original draft). Class methods are accessed by name (`eq x y`,
@@ -2328,7 +2333,7 @@ are real surface forms.
 
 { "t": "if",   "cond": Term, "then": Term, "else": Term }
 
-// Effect-op invocation. `op` is "<eff>/<op>" (e.g. "io/print_int").
+// Effect-op invocation. `op` is "<eff>/<op>" (e.g. "io/print_str").
 // `tail` triggers musttail (omitted when false).
 { "t": "do",   "op": "<eff>/<op>", "args": [Term...], "tail": false }
 
@@ -2562,23 +2567,24 @@ no `f32` variant. The runtime / codegen contract:
   pattern is conformant; `0.0 / 0.0` may produce
   `0x7ff8000000000000` on one target and a different qNaN on
   another.
-- The textual rendering of NaN by `io/print_float`. The libc
-  `printf("%g", nan)` glue used by the runtime is permitted to
-  emit `nan` / `-nan` / `NaN` etc. depending on libc version and
-  the NaN's sign bit; AILang does not normalise this, since the
-  prose / surface-print paths render NaN as the explicit `"NaN"`
-  spelling and `io/print_float` is for human-readable output, not
-  round-trip.
+- The textual rendering of NaN through `float_to_str` (the runtime
+  C helper that backs `instance Show Float` and, post-iter-rpe.1,
+  every Float-typed `print` call). The libc `printf("%g", nan)`
+  glue used by `float_to_str` is permitted to emit `nan` / `-nan`
+  / `NaN` etc. depending on libc version and the NaN's sign bit;
+  AILang does not normalise this, since the prose / surface-print
+  paths render NaN as the explicit `"NaN"` spelling and Float
+  rendering is for human-readable output, not round-trip.
 
 The same libc-`%g` rendering applies to `show 1.5` / `show nan` /
 `show inf` via `instance Show Float` (which calls `float_to_str`
 internally — see §"Prelude (built-in) classes" for the Show ship).
-The NaN-spelling caveat above is observable via both
-`do io/print_float x` and `do print x` at the same `x`; the rendering
-is libc-version-dependent and target-libc-specific. AILang does NOT
-canonicalise Float textual representation; the LLM-author who needs
-deterministic Float rendering for cross-platform test fixtures should
-bypass `show` / `print` and emit a custom formatter.
+The NaN-spelling caveat above is observable via `do print x` for
+Float-typed `x`; the rendering is libc-version-dependent and
+target-libc-specific. AILang does NOT canonicalise Float textual
+representation; the LLM-author who needs deterministic Float
+rendering for cross-platform test fixtures should bypass `show` /
+`print` and emit a custom formatter.
 
 These are the Rust / Swift / standard-LLVM defaults — not
 research-grade reproducibility guarantees. The stronger guarantee
@@ -2676,7 +2682,10 @@ What **is** supported (and used as the smoke test for the pipeline):
 - Int, Bool, Unit, **Str**, **Float** as primitive types.
 - `if`, `let`, function calls, recursion.
 - Effects on function signatures, with `do op(args)` for direct effect
-  ops (`io/print_int`, `io/print_bool`, `io/print_str`).
+  ops (`io/print_str`). The per-type print ops
+  `io/print_int`, `io/print_bool`, `io/print_float` were retired in
+  iter rpe.1; the polymorphic `print` (§"Polymorphic print") is the
+  canonical output path for non-Str values.
 - **Builtins.** Arithmetic operators (`+`, `-`, `*`, `/`) of type
   `forall a. (a, a) -> a` (codegen-restricted to `{Int, Float}`);
   `%` of type `(Int, Int) -> Int` (Int-only — `fmod` semantics for
@@ -2696,7 +2705,7 @@ What **is** supported (and used as the smoke test for the pipeline):
   `fcmp uno`); Float bit-pattern constants `nan : Float`,
   `inf : Float`, `neg_inf : Float` (resolved as bare values, lower
   to direct hex-float `double` SSA constants at use site); the IO
-  effect ops (`io/print_int|bool|str|float`); **`==` : forall a.
+  effect op `io/print_str`; **`==` : forall a.
   (a, a) -> Bool**; and **`__unreachable__ : forall a. a`**.
   - **`==` is polymorphic.** The typechecker accepts
     `==` at any type whose two sides agree (the rigid `a` of the

docs/journals/2026-05-14-iter-rpe.1.md

@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+# iter rpe.1 — Retire per-type print effect-ops
+
+**Date:** 2026-05-14
+**Started from:** 8b455bee4ca2b09bcadc56d95e0d79dcef75d284
+**Status:** DONE
+**Tasks completed:** 10 of 10
+
+## Summary
+
+The retire-per-type-print-effect-ops milestone shipped in one iter,
+covering: a RED test pinning the deletion gate (`crates/ailang-check/
+tests/no_per_type_print_ops.rs`); 92 `examples/*.ail` fixture
+migrations from `(do io/print_<T> x)` → `(app print x)` plus 6
+`.prose.txt` snapshot regenerations; four-site lockstep compiler
+deletion (`crates/ailang-check/src/builtins.rs` × 5 regions,
+`crates/ailang-codegen/src/lib.rs::lower_app` × 3 arms + 1 test,
+`crates/ailang-codegen/src/synth.rs::builtin_effect_op_ret` × 1
+match arm), with the dead `intern_string` helper removed as a
+clean follow-up; six test-body migrations (`ailang-check` × 2,
+`ailang-core` tests × 2, `ailang-surface/src/lex.rs`, `ailang-prose`);
+the Cat B test-harness patch in `crates/ail/tests/e2e.rs` (6
+IR-shape tests gained a `monomorphise_workspace` call so they
+follow the same desugar → lift → mono → lower pipeline as `ail
+build`); 6 doc-comment touch-ups; 7-site DESIGN.md sweep; 3 E2E
+test-comment polish; bench-run-and-no-ratification (all 3 scripts
+exit 0 against existing baselines, drift envelope within
+tolerance); plus IR-snapshot refresh (4 `.ll` files: `sum`,
+`list`, `max3`, `ws_main`) and 1 canonical-hash pin update
+(`ordering_match::main`) as plan-unanticipated downstream
+consequences of the corpus migration. Tests 564/564 green
+post-iter (was 563 at start; +1 from the new RED test).
+
+## Per-task notes
+
+- iter rpe.1.1: RED test `no_per_type_print_ops.rs` — asserts
+  `io/print_int|bool|float` absent from `env.effect_ops`,
+  `io/print_str` present.
+- iter rpe.1.2: 92 `.ail` corpus migrated (89 single-line +
+  3 multi-line shapes); 5 ancillary comment touch-ups in
+  `borrow_own_demo`, `eq_demo`, `int_to_print_int_borrow`,
+  `floats_1_newton_sqrt`, `floats_3_safe_division` to satisfy
+  the §H acceptance criterion `grep -rl ... examples/ == 0`.
+- iter rpe.1.3: 6 `.prose.txt` snapshots regenerated via
+  `cargo run -p ail -- prose`.
+- iter rpe.1.4: builtins.rs deletes (3 effect_ops.insert blocks
+  + 3 `list()` rows + 1 unit test + 2 doc-comment swaps);
+  codegen lib.rs deletes (3 `lower_app` arms + 1 test);
+  synth.rs `builtin_effect_op_ret` match-arm narrowed.
+  `intern_string` removed as orphan helper. `Emitter.strings`
+  field left in place (still consumed by emit-time loop;
+  cycles over empty map; non-functional). RED test flips
+  GREEN.
+- iter rpe.1.5: 6 test-body sites swapped to `io/print_str` +
+  `Str` args; Cat B harness patch at all 6 e2e.rs sites
+  inserts `ailang_check::monomorphise_workspace(&lifted_ws)`
+  between the existing lift loop and the lower call (the plan
+  said "replace the desugar+lift loop with mono", but mono's
+  precondition is "already lifted" — interpreting per spirit
+  and matching the `ail build` pipeline). E2E 85/85 green
+  after this step.
+- iter rpe.1.6: doc-comment swaps in 6 sites (`lex.rs`,
+  `parse.rs`, `main.rs` × 2, `runtime/str.c`, `form_a.md`).
+- iter rpe.1.7: DESIGN.md 7 sites swept; the iter's
+  past-tense paragraph at line 1990-1992 anchors the
+  milestone close.
+- iter rpe.1.8: E2E test-comment polish at `eq_ord_e2e.rs` × 2,
+  `floats_e2e.rs`. Plus three plan-unanticipated sites:
+  `int_arg_to_effect_op_does_not_rc_track` test assertions
+  shifted from `0/0/0` to `1/1/0` (post-iter `print n` for
+  Int now goes via Show Int → int_to_str → io/print_str,
+  exactly one heap-Str slab cycle per spec §E); 4 IR
+  snapshots refreshed via `UPDATE_SNAPSHOTS=1` because the
+  format-string globals (`@.str_<module>_fmt_int_0` /
+  `%lld\n`) no longer appear in IR; 1 canonical-hash pin
+  update for `ordering_match::main` (body migration changes
+  the def's canonical-form hash).
+- iter rpe.1.9: bench run — all 3 scripts exit 0 against
+  existing baselines. No ratification needed; spec §C4 (a)
+  anticipated possible latency drift but actual fell within
+  tolerance. Largest single deltas: `latency.explicit_at_rc.
+  max_us` +154.84% (a tail metric in the noise-class
+  envelope observed across the last ~12 audits); `throughput.
+  bench_list_sum.bump_s` +11.85% (REGRESSION, single bench,
+  3rd-iter-recurring; tracked as background noise per
+  audit-24 lineage). Baseline pristine for the 13th
+  consecutive audit-equivalent.
+- iter rpe.1.10: roadmap entry struck `[x]`; journal written;
+  stats written.
+
+## Concerns
+
+- Cat B harness patch deviates from plan-literal: plan said
+  "replace the desugar+lift loop with monomorphise_workspace";
+  I inserted mono after the existing lift loop. Mono's
+  documented precondition is "already lifted", so the literal
+  reading would have broken mono's contract. Spirit-reading
+  was unambiguous: match `ail build`'s pipeline.
+- Plan Task 8 under-scoped: it named 3 E2E-comment sites,
+  but the corpus migration also forced (a) one assertion
+  update on `int_arg_to_effect_op_does_not_rc_track` (allocs
+  0→1, frees 0→1, fully documented in spec §E), (b) IR
+  snapshot refresh × 4, (c) one canonical-hash pin update.
+  All three are mechanical downstream consequences of Task 2.
+- `Emitter.strings` field in `crates/ailang-codegen/src/lib.rs`
+  is now functionally dead (no caller after `intern_string`
+  removal) but the field + the per-module collection loop +
+  the emit-time globals loop are all still in place. They
+  cycle over an empty map and are harmless. Cleaning them
+  up cascades through `emit_workspace_with_alloc` and
+  parallel `str_literals` infrastructure; out of scope for
+  this iter.
+
+## Known debt
+
+- The `int_arg_to_effect_op_does_not_rc_track` test name now
+  describes a pre-iter property; the body pins the post-iter
+  shape (one Show-Int slab cycle). Renaming to e.g.
+  `print_int_one_slab_cycle` was floated and explicitly
+  declined (plan Task 8 step 2 said "lean toward keep-name-
+  update-doc"). If a future iter wants the rename, the test
+  body is already a clean reference.
+- The `intern_string` helper is gone but `Emitter.strings`
+  field remains — see Concerns above.
+
+## Files touched
+
+121 files in the working tree (1 new + 120 modified).
+
+Code (compiler):
+- `crates/ailang-check/src/builtins.rs` (3 effect_ops + 3 list() rows + 1 test + 2 doc-comments deleted/swapped)
+- `crates/ailang-check/src/lib.rs` (2 test-body sites swapped)
+- `crates/ailang-codegen/src/lib.rs` (3 lower_app arms + 1 test + `intern_string` helper removed)
+- `crates/ailang-codegen/src/synth.rs` (builtin_effect_op_ret match-arm narrowed)
+- `crates/ailang-surface/src/lex.rs` (1 test-body + 1 module doc swap)
+- `crates/ailang-surface/src/parse.rs` (1 diagnostic example swap)
+- `crates/ailang-prose/src/lib.rs` (1 round-trip test-body swap)
+- `crates/ail/src/main.rs` (2 doc-comments swapped)
+- `runtime/str.c` (1 comment re-anchored on %g)
+
+Tests:
+- `crates/ailang-check/tests/no_per_type_print_ops.rs` (NEW)
+- `crates/ailang-core/tests/spec_drift.rs` (1 swap)
+- `crates/ailang-core/tests/design_schema_drift.rs` (1 swap)
+- `crates/ailang-core/tests/hash_pin.rs` (1 hash pin updated)
+- `crates/ail/tests/e2e.rs` (6 Cat B harness patches + 1 assertion update + 1 doc-comment)
+- `crates/ail/tests/eq_ord_e2e.rs` (2 doc-comments)
+- `crates/ail/tests/floats_e2e.rs` (1 doc-comment)
+- `crates/ail/tests/snapshots/{sum,list,max3,ws_main}.ll` (regenerated; format-string globals removed)
+
+Docs:
+- `docs/DESIGN.md` (7 sites)
+- `docs/roadmap.md` (P2 entry struck [x])
+- `crates/ailang-core/specs/form_a.md` (1 example swap)
+
+Examples: 92 `.ail` migrations + 6 `.prose.txt` regenerations + 5 ancillary comment touch-ups.
+
+## Verification
+
+- `cargo test --workspace`: 564 passed, 0 failed (was 563 at
+  start; +1 = new RED test, no test counts shifted otherwise).
+- `cargo build --workspace`: clean.
+- `python3 bench/check.py` exit 0 (drift within tolerance,
+  no ratification).
+- `python3 bench/compile_check.py` exit 0.
+- `python3 bench/cross_lang.py` exit 0 (25/25 stable).
+- `grep -rl "io/print_int\|io/print_bool\|io/print_float"
+  examples/` returns 0 results (acceptance criterion met).
+- `grep -n "io/print_int\|io/print_bool\|io/print_float"
+  crates/ailang-check/src/builtins.rs` returns 0 lines.
+- `crates/ailang-codegen/src/lib.rs::lower_app` has no arm
+  for any of the three retired op names.
+
+## Stats
+
+`bench/orchestrator-stats/2026-05-14-iter-rpe.1.json`

docs/roadmap.md

@@ -77,17 +77,10 @@ context. Pick the next milestone from P1.)_
 
 ## P2 — Medium-term
 
-- [ ] **\[milestone\]** Retire `io/print_int` / `io/print_bool` /
+- [x] **\[milestone\]** Retire `io/print_int` / `io/print_bool` /
   `io/print_float` effect-ops + migrate example corpus to `print`.
-  Bulk text substitution `do io/print_<T> x` → `do print x` across
-  `examples/*.ail.json` (~86 fixtures affected). Per-type effect-ops
-  are deleted from `crates/ailang-check/src/builtins.rs`,
-  `crates/ailang-codegen/src/lib.rs::lower_app` arms, and the
-  corresponding runtime C glue.
-  - context: post-milestone-24 mechanical follow-up; the architecture-
-    shipping milestone (24) and corpus-migration milestone (this) are
-    separate so migration runs against a frozen architecture. Same
-    call milestone 23 made for `==` / `eq`.
+  Shipped 2026-05-14 as iter rpe.1.
+  - context: per-iter journal `docs/journals/2026-05-14-iter-rpe.1.md`.
 
 - [x] **\[todo\]** Author `examples/prelude.ail` alongside
   `examples/prelude.ail.json`. (Satisfied 2026-05-13 by iter