Brummel
26fb3459d8
The runtime print path now writes exactly the bytes of its
argument with no implicit trailing newline. `io/print_str` is
byte-faithful; authors who want a newline emit `(do io/print_str
"\n")` themselves.
## Codegen
`crates/ailang-codegen/src/lib.rs`:
- Module preamble: `@puts(ptr)` → `@fputs(ptr, ptr)` plus
`@stdout = external global ptr` (libc's `FILE *stdout`).
- Effect-op lowering for `io/print_str`: emit
`getelementptr +8` then `load ptr, ptr @stdout` then
`call/tail call i32 @fputs(ptr bytes, ptr fp)`. Identical
bytes-pointer GEP, distinct sink.
- The pinned IR-shape test renames from
`print_str_calls_puts_with_bytes_pointer` to
`print_str_calls_fputs_with_bytes_pointer_and_stdout` and now
asserts: bytes-GEP present, stdout-load present, both module-
preamble declarations present, and no `@puts(` call anywhere
in the emitted IR.
## Why this shape, and not the alternatives
- *Rename `io/print_str` to `io/println_str` (issue #29 option 2)*
— kept the auto-newline, just relabelled it. AILang's design
bias is explicit-over-implicit (CLAUDE.md: implicit conversions
cut). Auto-newline is a hidden runtime augmentation; the rename
would have preserved it. Rejected.
- *Append `\n` inside the polymorphic `print` (Show-mediated)
function in `examples/prelude.ail`* — would have been a one-line
fix. Rejected: `print` is the Show-mediated formatter, not a
newline emitter; baking a newline into it would have re-imposed
the same implicit-augmentation problem one layer up, breaking
callers that legitimately want pure-bytes output.
## Fixture / test sweep
30 `.ail` fixtures whose owning tests asserted line-separated
stdout now emit explicit `(do io/print_str "\n")` after each
print. Tests that asserted on multi-line stdout (`show_print_e2e`,
`floats_e2e`, `str_concat_e2e`, `eq_ord_e2e`, several `print_*`
smoke tests) had their fixtures sweetened the same way; assertions
themselves remain the canonical observable output. Fixtures that
never relied on the newline (no test ever read the absence of one)
were left untouched.
## Migrated metadata
- `crates/ailang-core/tests/hash_pin.rs`: the `ordering_match::main`
canonical hash is refreshed (`b65a7f834703ffb4` →
`8ed47b4062ce00f5`). The comment now names both successive
corpus migrations honestly: the per-type-print-retirement (which
moved `(do io/print_int x)` to `(app print x)`) AND this
fputs swap (which wrapped that with `(seq ... (do io/print_str
"\n"))`).
- `design/contracts/str-abi.md`: the consumer-ABI table now lists
`@fputs` as the print sink. A prose paragraph documents the
byte-faithful semantics and references this issue.
- `examples/ordering_match.prose.txt`: regenerated from the
updated `ordering_match.ail`.
- `crates/ail/tests/snapshots/{hello,sum,max3,list,ws_main}.ll`:
IR snapshots regenerated via `UPDATE_SNAPSHOTS=1`.
- Stale `@puts` comments in `runtime/str.c`,
`crates/ail/tests/{e2e,show_print_e2e,print_no_leak_pin}.rs`
replaced with `@fputs`.
## Verification
- `cargo test -p ail --test print_str_no_auto_newline_e2e` — both
RED tests from commit c8ecfa3 now pass.
- `cargo test --workspace` — 90 test groups GREEN, 0 failures.
- `cargo build --workspace` — GREEN.
- No new clippy lints (24 warnings pre-existing in
`crates/ailang-core/src/lib.rs:129`).
- Stats: `bench/orchestrator-stats/2026-05-21-iter-bugfix-print-
str-fputs.json` — 1/1 tasks, 0 re-loops, 0 review loops.
## Empirical evidence cited
Caught in the 2026-05-21 Qwen3-Coder naming-A/B run
(`experiments/2026-05-21-naming-ab/runs/r1/`): every cohort wrote
`(do io/print_str "...\n")` with explicit `\n` and got doubled
newlines, failing the `t3_main_prints` stdout match across all
three cohorts. The empirical LLM-natural form already assumes the
new (post-this-commit) semantics — confirming the
feature-acceptance test in CLAUDE.md.
closes #29
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65 lines
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; Iter 18a — `(borrow T)` and `(own T)` mode annotations on
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; fn-type params and ret slots.
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;
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; This fixture exercises the schema/parser/printer/typechecker path
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; that Iter 18a adds. It does *not* exercise enforcement: under the
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; semantics shipping with 18a, every mode is treated as
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; `Implicit ≡ Own` and `(borrow ...)` / `(own ...)` are accepted but
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; have no codegen consequence. Linearity / borrow checking comes in
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; Iter 18c.
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;
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; What round-trips through the form-A printer:
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; (borrow (con List)) — list_length's xs parameter
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; (own (con List)) — sum_list's xs parameter
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;
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; Expected stdout (one int per line, via polymorphic `print` + a newline):
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; 3
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; 6
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(module borrow_own_demo
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(data List
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(doc "Monomorphic singly-linked Int list — boxed, recursive.")
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(ctor Nil)
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(ctor Cons (con Int) (con List)))
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(fn list_length
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(doc "Borrow xs, count its elements. Iter 18a: `(borrow (con List))`.")
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(type
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(fn-type
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(params (borrow (con List)))
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(ret (con Int))))
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(params xs)
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(body
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(match xs
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(case (pat-ctor Nil) 0)
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(case (pat-ctor Cons h t)
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(app + 1 (app list_length t))))))
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(fn sum_list
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(doc "Consume xs, sum its elements. Iter 18a: `(own (con List))`.")
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(type
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(fn-type
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(params (own (con List)))
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(ret (con Int))))
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(params xs)
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(body
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(match xs
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(case (pat-ctor Nil) 0)
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(case (pat-ctor Cons h t)
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(app + h (app sum_list t))))))
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(fn main
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(doc "Build [1,2,3]; print list_length (3) then sum_list (6).")
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(type (fn-type (params) (ret (con Unit)) (effects IO)))
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(params)
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(body
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(let xs
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(term-ctor List Cons 1
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(term-ctor List Cons 2
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(term-ctor List Cons 3
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(term-ctor List Nil))))
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(seq
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(seq (app print (app list_length xs)) (do io/print_str "\n"))
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(seq (app print (app sum_list xs)) (do io/print_str "\n")))))))
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