diff --git a/src/ast/rtl/series.rs b/src/ast/rtl/series.rs
index c0a4c38..1b5d91e 100644
--- a/src/ast/rtl/series.rs
+++ b/src/ast/rtl/series.rs
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ use std::rc::Rc;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
 use crate::ast::environment::Environment;
-use crate::ast::types::{Keyword, Object, RecordLayout, Series, StaticType, Value};
+use crate::ast::types::{Keyword, Object, PushableSeries, RecordLayout, Series, StaticType, Value};
 use crate::ast::types::{Purity, Signature};
 
 // ============================================================================
@@ -144,14 +144,20 @@ impl<T: ScalarValue> Object for ScalarSeries<T> {
     fn into_rc_any(self: Rc<Self>) -> Rc<dyn Any> {
         self
     }
+    fn as_series(&self) -> Option<&dyn Series> {
+        Some(self)
+    }
+    fn as_pushable_series(&self) -> Option<&dyn PushableSeries> {
+        Some(self)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: ScalarValue> PushableSeries for ScalarSeries<T> {
     fn push_value(&self, value: Value) {
         if let Some(v) = T::from_value(value) {
             self.data.borrow_mut().push(v);
         }
     }
-    fn as_series(&self) -> Option<&dyn Series> {
-        Some(self)
-    }
 }
 
 impl<T: ScalarValue> Series for ScalarSeries<T> {
@@ -200,12 +206,18 @@ impl Object for ValueSeries {
     fn into_rc_any(self: Rc<Self>) -> Rc<dyn Any> {
         self
     }
-    fn push_value(&self, value: Value) {
-        self.data.borrow_mut().push(value);
-    }
     fn as_series(&self) -> Option<&dyn Series> {
         Some(self)
     }
+    fn as_pushable_series(&self) -> Option<&dyn PushableSeries> {
+        Some(self)
+    }
+}
+
+impl PushableSeries for ValueSeries {
+    fn push_value(&self, value: Value) {
+        self.data.borrow_mut().push(value);
+    }
 }
 
 impl Series for ValueSeries {
@@ -224,10 +236,10 @@ impl Series for ValueSeries {
 // 3. RecordSeries (SoA - Struct of Arrays)
 // ============================================================================
 
-/// Marker supertrait combining `Object` and `Series` for RecordSeries field buffers.
-/// Ensures each field buffer can be stored as a typed series AND used as a dynamic object
-/// (including `push_value` via the `Object` supertrait).
-pub trait SeriesMember: Object + Series {}
+/// Marker supertrait for RecordSeries field buffers.
+/// Ensures each field buffer supports indexed access (Series), dynamic dispatch (Object),
+/// and value insertion (PushableSeries).
+pub trait SeriesMember: PushableSeries {}
 
 impl SeriesMember for ScalarSeries<f64> {}
 impl SeriesMember for ScalarSeries<i64> {}
@@ -321,6 +333,15 @@ impl Object for RecordSeries {
     fn into_rc_any(self: Rc<Self>) -> Rc<dyn Any> {
         self
     }
+    fn as_series(&self) -> Option<&dyn Series> {
+        Some(self)
+    }
+    fn as_pushable_series(&self) -> Option<&dyn PushableSeries> {
+        Some(self)
+    }
+}
+
+impl PushableSeries for RecordSeries {
     fn push_value(&self, value: Value) {
         if let Value::Record(_, values) = value {
             for (i, v) in values.iter().enumerate() {
@@ -332,9 +353,6 @@ impl Object for RecordSeries {
             panic!("push to RecordSeries expects a record");
         }
     }
-    fn as_series(&self) -> Option<&dyn Series> {
-        Some(self)
-    }
 }
 
 impl Series for RecordSeries {
@@ -622,8 +640,11 @@ pub fn register(env: &Environment) {
             let (series_val, val) = (&args[0], &args[1]);
 
             if let Value::Object(obj) = series_val {
-                obj.push_value(val.clone());
-                return Value::Void;
+                if let Some(p) = obj.as_pushable_series() {
+                    p.push_value(val.clone());
+                    return Value::Void;
+                }
+                panic!("push expects a pushable series, got: {}", obj.type_name());
             }
             panic!("push expects a series object as the first argument")
         },
diff --git a/src/ast/types.rs b/src/ast/types.rs
index e63d14b..c85c3c7 100644
--- a/src/ast/types.rs
+++ b/src/ast/types.rs
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ impl RecordLayout {
     }
 }
 
-/// Interface for custom objects (Closures, Series, Streams)
+/// Interface for custom objects (Series, Streams, SyntaxNodes, and custom extensions).
 pub trait Object: fmt::Debug {
     fn type_name(&self) -> &'static str;
     fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn Any;
@@ -185,17 +185,21 @@ pub trait Object: fmt::Debug {
     /// `Rc<T>` via `Rc::downcast::<T>()`. Requires `arbitrary_self_types` (stable since 1.81).
     fn into_rc_any(self: Rc<Self>) -> Rc<dyn Any>;
 
-    /// Pushes a value into this object if it is a mutable series.
-    /// The default implementation panics — only series types override this.
-    fn push_value(&self, _val: Value) {
-        panic!("{} does not support push_value", self.type_name());
-    }
-
-    /// Optional optimization: If this object behaves like a time series (indexable lookbacks),
-    /// it can return a reference to its Series trait implementation.
+    /// If this object supports indexed lookback access, returns a `Series` reference.
     fn as_series(&self) -> Option<&dyn Series> {
         None
     }
+
+    /// If this object supports pushing new values, returns a `PushableSeries` reference.
+    fn as_pushable_series(&self) -> Option<&dyn PushableSeries> {
+        None
+    }
+}
+
+/// Extension of `Object + Series` for types that also accept new values via `push_value`.
+/// Only series types that are mutable (ScalarSeries, ValueSeries, RecordSeries) implement this.
+pub trait PushableSeries: Object + Series {
+    fn push_value(&self, val: Value);
 }
 
 /// Unified interface for all series types (Local RecordSeries, SeriesViews, and future SharedSeries).