feat: Add type checking to the compiler

Introduces the `TypeChecker` struct and its associated `TypeContext` for
performing static type analysis on the abstract syntax tree.

This change includes:
- A new `type_checker.rs` module.
- Integration of `TypeChecker` into the `Environment::compile` method.
- Updates to `Environment` to manage global types.
- Renaming `bound_nodes.rs`'s `BoundNode` to `TypedNode` to reflect its
  type-checked nature.
- Refinements in binder and macro expansion to accommodate type
  information.

src/ast/compiler/macros.rs

@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@ mod tests {
     use super::*;
     use std::cell::RefCell;
     use crate::ast::parser::Parser;
-    use crate::ast::types::{Value, StaticType, Object};
+    use crate::ast::types::{Value, Object};
     use crate::ast::compiler::Binder;
 
     struct SimpleEvaluator;