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AILang/design/contracts/0001-authoring-surface.md
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Brummel eaa52ff64f docs(contracts): honesty-prose cleanup + ratifier integrity
Second tranche of the contracts-against-code audit. Two threads, both
applied conservatively under the over-correction guards in
docs_honesty_pin.rs (the self-labelled tiebreaker in 0008 and the
Diverge-reserved anchor in 0010 are deliberate honest content and were
left untouched; design rationale that explains a present-state design
principle — semantic-locality, the reuse-as-wrapper reasons — was also
preserved).

Honesty-rule (0007): demote clear change/deletion narration to
present tense.

- 0008: drop "they were promoted from ... to ... Recorded here so";
  strip the "Iter A"/"Iter B" iteration labels (the descriptive titles
  carry the meaning); drop "(no longer a carve-out)".
- 0001: "were rewired to use ... was deleted at the same time" ->
  present tense. (The substance was already correct: `pretty.rs` holds
  only the diagnostic helpers; an audit agent had misread the line as
  "pretty.rs was deleted" — the file exists, the printer code does not.)
- 0012: drop "Per the tail-call survey of existing fixtures" and
  "Migration of existing fixtures is partial" -> present-state
  description of which corpus fixtures carry the tail marker.

Ratifier integrity: a contract that names a test which does not
ratify it is itself a form of the dishonesty this ledger forbids.

- 0014 named `bench/architect_sweeps.sh`, which sweeps honesty-anchors
  and ratifies none of the six verification mechanisms; and claim 5
  cited `tests/expected/`, which never existed (git log empty). Point
  claim 5 at the real golden mechanism (`crates/ail/tests/snapshots/`
  via `ir_snapshot.rs`) and the footer at each mechanism's actual test.
- 0015's four constraints are guaranteed by absence (no thunk/`ref`/
  `IORef` node, non-recursive `let`); the named uniqueness in-source
  tests only count RC consumes, never the constraints. State the
  by-construction guarantee and point the ratifier at `ast.rs` (the
  single source of truth for which nodes exist).
- INDEX ratifying-test column updated for both to match.

All ledger pins green (docs_honesty_pin, design_index_pin incl.
every_contract_names_a_resolvable_ratifying_test, effect_doc_honesty_pin,
carve_out_inventory); architect honesty sweep clean.

Deferred, recommend-only: 0016-method-dispatch carries no invariant
absent from 0013 (merge candidate), but a contract-file merge touches
INDEX, the retired-counter convention, and cross-refs — a structural
call left for explicit direction. Minor history phrasing in 0008's
Type::Con.name hash-shift paragraph (§"FnDef.suppress") also left.
2026-06-02 11:27:53 +02:00

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Markdown

# Authoring surface
## Authoring surface
Form (A) is implemented as
the `ailang-surface` crate (parser + printer). Form-A is
gated against drift by `ailang-surface/tests/round_trip.rs`, which
parses every `.ail` fixture, prints it back, re-parses, and demands
canonical-byte equality. `ail render` and both branches
of `ail describe` project through `ailang_surface::print`, so
form (A) is the **sole** text projection of a module. `pretty.rs`
carries no round-tripping printer — only the diagnostic helpers
(`type_to_string`, `pattern_to_string`, `manifest`) are public there.
## Architectural pin: data structure is the source of truth
The textual surface is **not** a replacement for the JSON-AST. It is
one projection among potentially many. Concretely:
- The [JSON-AST](0002-data-model.md) keeps its role as the canonical, hashable, content-
addressed representation of a module. All hashing, content-
addressing, cross-module references, and typecheck/codegen input
flow through the JSON-AST. **No new hashable form is introduced.**
- The textual surface (form A, this contract) is the **AI authoring
projection**: optimised for me producing programs token-efficiently
and for foreign LLMs producing programs from a spec. It is not
optimised for human authors and does not need to be human-pleasant.
- Future projections are explicitly anticipated: a visual / graphical
front-end is a plausible second projection for human review and
inspection (display being the one case where non-AI eyes matter).
The architecture leaves room: any producer of well-formed
`ailang-core::ast::Module` values is a valid front-end.
- **No human is expected to author AILang seriously.** Authoring is
AI work. Display and verification, by contrast, are concerns where
human-facing alternatives may be useful — and which can therefore
layer their own projections on top of the same AST without
touching the surface or the core.
In code terms: `ailang-core` owns the AST. `ailang-surface` is one
producer/consumer pair: text-form-A → AST → text-form-A. A hypothetical
`ailang-visual` would be a different producer
of the same AST. `ailang-check` and `ailang-codegen` consume only
the AST and remain projection-agnostic.
## Constraints (hard, in priority order)
1. **Formalizable for a foreign LLM.** The grammar must fit in an
EBNF/PEG spec of ≤ 30 productions. A model that has never seen
AILang must be able to read the spec and produce conforming source
zero-shot. Rules out: precedence between binary operators,
semantic indentation, maximal-munch lexing, context-sensitive
reductions.
2. **AST-isomorphic.** Every surface form maps to exactly one AST
shape. The full bijection between `.ail.json` and `.ail` (both
directions, BLAKE3-stable hashing, Float-bits-hex encoding,
workspace-CI enforcement points) is anchored as the top-level
[Roundtrip Invariant](0009-roundtrip-invariant.md) — this constraint
records that the surface-design choice must satisfy that
invariant; the invariant itself lives at top level because the
property is load-bearing on the language identity, not on this
file's surface-design rationale.
3. **No external symbols.** ASCII only. No Greek (`∀`), no arrows
(`→`), no subscripts. Reasoning: I substitute mojibake for
non-ASCII characters under context pressure; foreign LLMs vary
in how they tokenize Unicode.
4. **No precedence.** Either everything is parenthesized, or there
are no infix operators. Prefer the latter — `add(x, 1)` over
`x + 1`. Removes a fail mode for both me and foreign LLMs.
5. **No semantic indentation.** Block structure expressed by paired
delimiters or terminator tokens. Indentation is informational
only; the parser ignores it.
6. **One construct per token-list.** Every AST node corresponds to
exactly one parenthesized form (or atom). No "sometimes you can
omit the parens" rules.
7. **AST surface stays frozen.** The surface adapts to the AST, not
the other way around. We do not change the JSON schema or
invalidate hashes to make the surface prettier.
Ratified by: `crates/ailang-surface/tests/round_trip.rs`.