Ast environments

ASTPlayground/ASTPlayground.dpr

@@ -25,7 +25,8 @@ uses
     Myc.Ast.Compiler.Binder in '..\Src\AST\Myc.Ast.Compiler.Binder.pas',
     Myc.Ast.Compiler.Lowering in '..\Src\AST\Myc.Ast.Compiler.Lowering.pas',
     Myc.Ast.Compiler.TypeChecker in '..\Src\AST\Myc.Ast.Compiler.TypeChecker.pas',
-    Myc.Ast.Compiler.Macros in '..\Src\AST\Myc.Ast.Compiler.Macros.pas';
+    Myc.Ast.Compiler.Macros in '..\Src\AST\Myc.Ast.Compiler.Macros.pas',
+    Myc.Ast.Environment in '..\Src\AST\Myc.Ast.Environment.pas';
 
 {$R *.res}
 

ASTPlayground/ASTPlayground.dproj

@@ -156,6 +156,7 @@
         <DCCReference Include="..\Src\AST\Myc.Ast.Compiler.Lowering.pas"/>
         <DCCReference Include="..\Src\AST\Myc.Ast.Compiler.TypeChecker.pas"/>
         <DCCReference Include="..\Src\AST\Myc.Ast.Compiler.Macros.pas"/>
+        <DCCReference Include="..\Src\AST\Myc.Ast.Environment.pas"/>
         <BuildConfiguration Include="Base">
             <Key>Base</Key>
         </BuildConfiguration>

ASTPlayground/MainForm.fmx

@@ -111,6 +111,7 @@ object Form1: TForm1
       Position.Y = 439.000000000000000000
       TabOrder = 14
       Text = 'Debug'
+      OnChange = DebugBoxChange
     end
     object FromJSONButton: TButton
       Position.X = 24.000000000000000000

ASTPlayground/MainForm.pas

@@ -28,26 +28,18 @@ uses
     Myc.Ast.Scope,
     Myc.Ast,
     Myc.Ast.Visitor,
-    Myc.Ast.Evaluator,
-    Myc.Ast.Dumper,
     Myc.Data.Decimal,
-    Myc.Ast.RTL,
     Myc.Ast.Script,
     FMX.Layouts,
     FMX.Objects,
-    Myc.Ast.Debugger,
     Myc.Fmx.AstEditor.Node,
     Myc.Fmx.AstEditor.Workspace,
-    Myc.Ast.Compiler.Macros,
-    Myc.Ast.Compiler.Binder,
-    Myc.Ast.Compiler.TypeChecker,
-    Myc.Ast.Compiler.Lowering,
-    Myc.Ast.Compiler.TCO,
     FMX.DialogService,
     FMX.ListView.Types,
     FMX.ListView.Appearances,
     FMX.ListView.Adapters.Base,
-    FMX.ListView;
+    FMX.ListView,
+    Myc.Ast.Environment; // Added Environment
 
 type
     // A test record
@@ -94,6 +86,7 @@ type
         procedure ClearButtonClick(Sender: TObject);
         procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
         procedure CreateTriggerExampleButtonClick(Sender: TObject);
+        procedure DebugBoxChange(Sender: TObject);
         procedure DoTrigger2ButtonClick(Sender: TObject);
         procedure DoTriggerButtonClick(Sender: TObject);
         procedure DumpButtonClick(Sender: TObject);
@@ -116,18 +109,16 @@ type
         procedure RTLListViewChange(Sender: TObject);
     private
         FCurrUnboundAst: IAstNode;
-        FCurrAst: IAstNode;
-        FCurrDesc: IScopeDescriptor;
-        FGScope: IExecutionScope;
+        FCurrExec: IExecutable; // Replaced FCurrAst and FCurrDesc
+        FEnvironment: TAstEnvironment;
         FWorkspace: TAuraWorkspace;
-        FTriggerScope: IExecutionScope;
         FScriptUpdate: Boolean;
+        FTriggerTest: TAstEnvironment;
         procedure WorkspaceMouseDown(Sender: TObject; Button: TMouseButton; Shift: TShiftState; X, Y: Single);
-        function CreateEvaluator(const Scope: IExecutionScope): IEvaluatorVisitor;
-        // Helper function to encapsulate the compilation pipeline
-        function CompileAst(const ANode: IAstNode; const AParentScope: IExecutionScope; out ADescriptor: IScopeDescriptor): IAstNode;
+
+        function CreateEnvironment: TAstEnvironment;
         // Helper function to encapsulate the Compile -> Evaluate pattern
-        function ExecuteAst(const ANode: IAstNode; const AParentScope: IExecutionScope): TDataValue;
+        function ExecuteAst(const ANode: IAstNode): TDataValue;
         procedure UpdateScript;
         procedure ShowVizualization(X, Y: Single);
         procedure PrintScript(const Node: IAstNode);
@@ -149,7 +140,10 @@ uses
     System.TimeSpan,
     Myc.Ast.Json, // For TAstJson serialization
     Myc.Ast.Types, // Needed for TTypeRules
-    System.IOUtils; // For TFile
+    System.IOUtils, // For TFile
+    Myc.Ast.Dumper, // Needed for DumpButtonClick
+    Myc.Ast.RTL,
+    Myc.Ast.Compiler.Macros; // Needed for MacroRegistry access
 
 {$R *.fmx}
 
@@ -199,7 +193,7 @@ begin
             ]
         );
 
-    resultValue := ExecuteAst(mainBlock, FGScope);
+    resultValue := ExecuteAst(mainBlock);
 
     Assert(TScalar.FromInt64(15) = resultValue.AsScalar, 'The final result should be 15, but is ' + resultValue.AsScalar.ToString);
     UpdateScript;
@@ -209,67 +203,64 @@ procedure TForm1.ClearButtonClick(Sender: TObject);
 begin
     FWorkspace.DeleteChildren;
     FWorkspace.Repaint;
-
-    FGScope := TAst.CreateScope(nil);
 end;
 
-function TForm1.CompileAst(const ANode: IAstNode; const AParentScope: IExecutionScope; out ADescriptor: IScopeDescriptor): IAstNode;
-var
-    expandedAst, boundAst, typedAst, loweredAst: IAstNode;
+function TForm1.CreateEnvironment: TAstEnvironment;
 begin
-    // Step 1: Expand macros (Phase 1)
-    expandedAst := TMacroExpander.ExpandMacros(AParentScope, ANode, CreateEvaluator);
-
-    // Step 2: Bind names and addresses (Phase 2)
-    boundAst := TAstBinder.Bind(AParentScope, expandedAst, ADescriptor);
-
-    // Step 3: Check and infer types (Phase 3)
-    typedAst := TTypeChecker.CheckTypes(boundAst, ADescriptor);
-
-    // Step 4: Lowering / Canonicalization (Phase 4)
-    loweredAst := TAstLowerer.Lower(typedAst);
-
-    // Step 5: Tail Call Optimization (Phase 5)
-    Result := TAstTCO.Optimize(loweredAst);
+    if DebugBox.IsChecked then
+        Result.SetDebugMode(Memo1.Lines, ShowScopeBox.IsChecked)
+    else
+        Result.SetStandardMode;
 end;
 
-function TForm1.ExecuteAst(const ANode: IAstNode; const AParentScope: IExecutionScope): TDataValue;
-var
-    descriptor: IScopeDescriptor;
-    evalScope: IExecutionScope;
-    visitor: IEvaluatorVisitor;
-    compiledAst: IAstNode;
+// Simplified ExecuteAst using TEnvironment
+function TForm1.ExecuteAst(const ANode: IAstNode): TDataValue;
 begin
     FCurrUnboundAst := ANode;
+    FCurrExec := nil; // Clear previous
 
-    // Call the helper function for the full 4-stage pipeline
-    compiledAst := CompileAst(ANode, AParentScope, descriptor);
+    // 1. Set strategy based on UI
+    if DebugBox.IsChecked then
+        FEnvironment.SetDebugMode(Memo1.Lines, ShowScopeBox.IsChecked)
+    else
+        FEnvironment.SetStandardMode;
 
-    // Store the final bound AST for visualization and debugging.
-    FCurrAst := compiledAst; // <-- Store the fully compiled AST
-    FCurrDesc := descriptor;
+    try
+        // 2. Compile (Pipeline is inside Environment)
+        // We store the executable artifact in the form
+        FCurrExec := FEnvironment.Compile(ANode);
 
-    // Create the final scope and evaluator for runtime execution.
-    evalScope := descriptor.CreateScope(AParentScope);
-    visitor := CreateEvaluator(evalScope);
-    Result := visitor.Execute(compiledAst);
+        // 3. Execute
+        Result := FEnvironment.Execute(FCurrExec);
+
+    except
+        on E: Exception do
+        begin
+            Memo1.Lines.Add('--- ERROR ---');
+            Memo1.Lines.Add(E.ClassName + ': ' + E.Message);
+            Result := TDataValue.Void;
+        end;
+    end;
 end;
 
 procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
 begin
+    FEnvironment := CreateEnvironment;
+
     FWorkspace := TAuraWorkspace.Create(Panel2);
     FWorkspace.Parent := Panel2;
     FWorkspace.Align := TAlignLayout.Client;
     FWorkspace.ClipChildren := true;
     FWorkspace.OnMouseDown := WorkspaceMouseDown;
 
-    TAst.RegisterLibrary(
+    RegisterRtlFunctions(FEnvironment.RootScope);
+
+    // Register the SMA factory into the environment
+    var RegFunc :=
         procedure(const Scope: IExecutionScope)
         var
-            smaAst, typedAst: IAstNode;
-            smaDescriptor: IScopeDescriptor;
-            smaScope: IExecutionScope;
-            smaVisitor: IEvaluatorVisitor;
+            smaAst: IAstNode;
+            smaExec: IExecutable;
         begin
             smaAst :=
                 TAst.LambdaExpr(
@@ -322,14 +313,15 @@ begin
                     )
                 );
 
-            // Run the full pipeline
-            typedAst := CompileAst(smaAst, Scope, smaDescriptor);
+            // Compile the SMA factory using the environment itself
+            // Note: We pass FEnvironment.RootScope as the parent scope
+            smaExec := FEnvironment.Compile(smaAst);
 
-            smaScope := smaDescriptor.CreateScope(Scope);
-            smaVisitor := CreateEvaluator(smaScope);
+            // Execute the compiled AST to define the 'CreateSMA' function in the target scope
+            // We must use the *target* scope (Scope) as the parent for execution.
+            var smaFactory := FEnvironment.Execute(smaExec);
 
-            // Execute the typed AST to define the function
-            smaVisitor.Execute(typedAst);
+            Scope.Define('CreateSMA', smaFactory); // Define the factory
 
             Scope.Define(
                 'print',
@@ -360,22 +352,24 @@ begin
                     Result := TStopwatch.GetTimeStamp div TTimeSpan.TicksPerMillisecond;
                 end
             );
+        end;
 
-            TMacroExpander.GlobalMacroRegistry.Define(
-                TAstScript
-                    .Parse(
-                        '''
-                    (defmacro stopwatch [body]
-                      `(do
-                         (def start-time (timestamp))
-                         (def result ~body)
-                         (print "Stopwatch: " (- (timestamp) start-time) "ms" )
-                         result
-                       ))
-                    ''')
-                    .AsMacroDefinition
-            );
-        end
+    RegFunc(FEnvironment.RootScope);
+
+    // Register the 'stopwatch' macro into the global registry
+    FEnvironment.MacroRegistry.Define(
+        TAstScript
+            .Parse(
+                '''
+                (defmacro stopwatch [body]
+                  `(do
+                     (def start-time (timestamp))
+                     (def result ~body)
+                     (print "(calculated in " (- (timestamp) start-time) " ms)" )
+                     result
+                   ))
+                ''')
+            .AsMacroDefinition
     );
 
     ClearButtonClick(Self);
@@ -406,7 +400,7 @@ begin
 
         try
             Memo1.Lines.Add(Format('--- Loading User Library from %s ---', [ExtractFileName(UserLibName)]));
-            var scopeDescr := FGScope.CreateDescriptor;
+            var scopeDescr := FEnvironment.RootScope.CreateDescriptor;
             // Populate the list view with loaded functions and macros.
             RTLListView.Items.BeginUpdate;
             try
@@ -424,15 +418,15 @@ begin
                         // Distinguish between loading a macro and loading a function.
                         if funcAst.Kind = akMacroDefinition then
                         begin
-                            // Macros are stored as raw AST nodes in the scope.
-                            FGScope.Define(pair.JsonString.Value, TDataValue.FromIntf<IAstNode>(funcAst));
+                            // Macros are stored in the *global compile-time registry*.
+                            FEnvironment.MacroRegistry.Define(funcAst.AsMacroDefinition);
                             Memo1.Lines.Add(Format('Defined macro "%s"', [pair.JsonString.Value]));
                         end
                         else
                         begin
                             // Functions (lambdas) must be executed to create a callable closure.
-                            funcValue := ExecuteAst(funcAst, FGScope);
-                            FGScope.Define(pair.JsonString.Value, funcValue);
+                            funcValue := ExecuteAst(funcAst);
+                            FEnvironment.RootScope.Define(pair.JsonString.Value, funcValue);
                             Memo1.Lines.Add(Format('Defined function "%s"', [pair.JsonString.Value]));
                         end;
                     end
@@ -602,8 +596,14 @@ begin
             try
                 var unboundAst := converter.Deserialize(jsonObj);
 
+                // Set strategy based on UI
+                if DebugBox.IsChecked then
+                    FEnvironment.SetDebugMode(Memo1.Lines, ShowScopeBox.IsChecked)
+                else
+                    FEnvironment.SetStandardMode;
+
                 // Run the full pipeline
-                FCurrAst := CompileAst(unboundAst, FGScope, FCurrDesc);
+                FCurrExec := FEnvironment.Compile(unboundAst);
 
                 Memo1.Lines.Add('AST deserialized and bound successfully from JSON.');
                 Memo1.Lines.Add('You can now visualize it (Middle Mouse Click) or pretty-print it.');
@@ -613,8 +613,7 @@ begin
         except
             on E: Exception do
             begin
-                FCurrAst := nil;
-                FCurrDesc := nil;
+                FCurrExec := nil;
                 Memo1.Lines.Add('Error deserializing AST from JSON:');
                 Memo1.Lines.Add(E.Message);
                 Memo1.Lines.Add('--- Original JSON ---');
@@ -634,7 +633,7 @@ var
 begin
     Memo1.Lines.Clear;
 
-    if not Assigned(FCurrAst) then
+    if not Assigned(FCurrExec) then
     begin
         Memo1.Lines.Add('No AST available to serialize. Please generate one first.');
         exit;
@@ -642,7 +641,7 @@ begin
 
     try
         converter := TJsonAstConverter.Create;
-        jsonObj := converter.Serialize(FCurrAst);
+        jsonObj := converter.Serialize(FCurrExec.CompiledAst);
         try
             Memo1.Lines.Text := jsonObj.Format(4);
         finally
@@ -658,92 +657,74 @@ begin
 end;
 
 procedure TForm1.DumpButtonClick(Sender: TObject);
-var
-    typedNode: IAstNode;
 begin
     Memo1.Lines.Clear;
     Memo1.Lines.Add('--- AST Dump ---');
 
-    if not Assigned(FCurrUnboundAst) then
+    if not Assigned(FCurrExec) then // Check FCurrExec
     begin
-        Memo1.Lines.Add('No AST has been generated yet. Click a test button first.');
+        Memo1.Lines.Add('No *compiled* AST has been generated yet. Click a test button first.');
         exit;
     end;
 
-    // Re-run the full pipeline for the dump
-    typedNode := CompileAst(FCurrUnboundAst, FGScope, FCurrDesc);
-
-    TAstDumper.Dump(typedNode, Memo1.Lines);
+    // Dump the compiled AST from the executable
+    TAstDumper.Dump(FCurrExec.CompiledAst, Memo1.Lines);
 end;
 
 procedure TForm1.FibonacciButtonClick(Sender: TObject);
 var
-    root, fibAst, typedAst: IAstNode;
     result: TDataValue;
     sw: TStopwatch;
-    fibScope: IExecutionScope;
-    visitor: IEvaluatorVisitor;
-    desc: IScopeDescriptor;
+    fibDataValue: TDataValue;
 begin
-    fibAst :=
-        TAst.Block(
-            [
-                TAst.VarDecl(TAst.Identifier('fib')),
-                TAst.Assign(
-                    TAst.Identifier('fib'),
-                    TAst.LambdaExpr(
-                        [TAst.Identifier('n')],
-                        TAst.TernaryExpr(
-                            TAst.BinaryExpr(TAst.Identifier('n'), TScalar.TBinaryOp.Less, TAst.Constant(2)),
-                            TAst.Identifier('n'),
-                            TAst.BinaryExpr(
-                                TAst.FunctionCall(
-                                    TAst.Identifier('fib'),
-                                    [TAst.BinaryExpr(TAst.Identifier('n'), TScalar.TBinaryOp.Subtract, TAst.Constant(1))]
-                                ),
-                                TScalar.TBinaryOp.Add,
-                                TAst.FunctionCall(
-                                    TAst.Identifier('fib'),
-                                    [TAst.BinaryExpr(TAst.Identifier('n'), TScalar.TBinaryOp.Subtract, TAst.Constant(2))]
-                                )
-                            )
-                        )
-                    )
-                )
-            ]
+    Memo1.Lines.Clear;
+
+    FCurrUnboundAst :=
+        TAstScript.Parse(
+            '''
+        (do
+          (def fib)
+          (assign fib (fn [n]
+            (? (< n 2)
+              n
+              (+ (fib (- n 1)) (fib (- n 2)))
+            )
+          ))
+        )
+        '''
         );
 
-    // Run the full pipeline
-    typedAst := CompileAst(fibAst, FGScope, desc);
-    fibScope := desc.CreateScope(FGScope);
+    var TestEnv := FEnvironment.CreateEnvironment;
 
-    visitor := CreateEvaluator(fibScope);
-    visitor.Execute(typedAst);
+    TestEnv.Define('fib', TAst.Block(FCurrUnboundAst));
 
-    Memo1.Lines.Clear;
     Memo1.Lines.Add('--- Naive recursive fib with AST---');
-    sw := TStopwatch.StartNew;
 
-    root := TAst.FunctionCall(TAst.Identifier('fib'), [TAst.Constant(25)]);
-    result := ExecuteAst(root, fibScope);
+    var fibExec := TestEnv.Compile(TAst.FunctionCall(TAst.Identifier('fib'), [TAst.Constant(25)]));
+
+    sw := TStopwatch.StartNew;
+    result := TestEnv.Execute(fibExec);
     sw.Stop;
     Memo1.Lines.Add(Format('Result: fib(25) %s (calculated in %d ms)', [result.ToString, sw.ElapsedMilliseconds]));
 
     Memo1.Lines.Add('');
+
     Memo1.Lines.Add('--- Memoized naive fib with AST (using global fib)---');
+
+    var memoizeTest := TestEnv.CreateEnvironment;
+
+    memoizeTest.Define('fib', TAstScript.Parse('(Memoize fib)'));
+
+    var memoizeExec := memoizeTest.Compile(TAstScript.Parse('(fib 25)'));
+
     sw := TStopwatch.StartNew;
-
-    root :=
-        TAst.Block(
-            [
-                TAst.Assign(TAst.Identifier('fib'), TAst.FunctionCall(TAst.Identifier('Memoize'), [TAst.Identifier('fib')])),
-                TAst.FunctionCall(TAst.Identifier('fib'), [TAst.Constant(25)])
-            ]
-        );
-
-    result := ExecuteAst(root, fibScope);
+    result := memoizeTest.Execute(memoizeExec);
     sw.Stop;
-    Memo1.Lines.Add(Format('Result: fib(25) %s (calculated in %d ms)', [result.ToString, sw.ElapsedMilliseconds]));
+    Memo1.Lines.Add(Format('Result 1st call: fib(25) %s (calculated in %d ms)', [result.ToString, sw.ElapsedMilliseconds]));
+    sw := TStopwatch.StartNew;
+    result := memoizeTest.Execute(memoizeExec);
+    sw.Stop;
+    Memo1.Lines.Add(Format('Result 2nd call: fib(25) %s (calculated in %d ms)', [result.ToString, sw.ElapsedMilliseconds]));
 
     UpdateScript;
 end;
@@ -753,13 +734,14 @@ begin
     Memo1.Lines.Clear;
     Memo1.Lines.Add('--- AST Pretty Print ---');
 
-    if not Assigned(FCurrAst) then
+    // We print the *compiled* AST
+    if not Assigned(FCurrExec) then
     begin
         Memo1.Lines.Add('No AST has been generated yet.');
         exit;
     end;
 
-    Memo1.Lines.Add(TAstScript.Print(FCurrAst));
+    Memo1.Lines.Add(TAstScript.Print(FCurrExec.CompiledAst));
 end;
 
 procedure TForm1.RecursionButtonClick(Sender: TObject);
@@ -772,7 +754,6 @@ begin
     Memo1.Lines.Add('--- Tail-Recursive factorial(20) ---');
     sw := TStopwatch.StartNew;
 
-    // Rewritten to be tail-recursive to use 'recur'
     root :=
         TAst.Block(
             [
@@ -806,8 +787,8 @@ begin
             ]
         );
 
-    // Execute with FGScope as parent.
-    result := ExecuteAst(root, FGScope);
+    // Execute with RootScope as parent.
+    result := ExecuteAst(root);
 
     sw.Stop;
     Memo1.Lines.Add(Format('Result: %s (calculated in %d ms)', [result.ToString, sw.ElapsedMilliseconds]));
@@ -821,13 +802,11 @@ var
     series: TScalarRecordSeries;
     recordDef: IScalarRecordDefinition;
     i: Integer;
-    scope: IExecutionScope;
     values: TArray<TScalar.TValue>;
 begin
     Memo1.Lines.Clear;
     Memo1.Lines.Add('--- Series Test ---');
 
-    scope := TAst.CreateScope(FGScope);
     recordDef := TRttiAstHelper.JsonToRecordDefinition(TRttiAstHelper.RecordDefinitionToJson<TOHLCV>);
     series := TScalarRecordSeries.Create(recordDef);
     SetLength(values, 6);
@@ -842,7 +821,10 @@ begin
         values[5].AsInt64 := 10000 * (i + 1);
         series.Add(TScalarRecord.Create(recordDef, values));
     end;
-    scope.Define('ohlcvSeries', TDataValue.FromRecordSeries(series));
+
+    var testEnv := FEnvironment.CreateEnvironment;
+
+    testEnv.RootScope.Define('ohlcvSeries', TDataValue.FromRecordSeries(series));
 
     ast :=
         TAst.LambdaExpr(
@@ -852,7 +834,6 @@ begin
                     TAst.VarDecl(
                         TAst.Identifier('closeColumn'),
                         TAst.FunctionCall(TAst.Keyword('Close'), [TAst.Identifier('ohlcvSeries')])
-                            //            TAst.MemberAccess(TAst.Identifier('ohlcvSeries'), TAst.Identifier('Close'))
                     ),
                     TAst.Indexer(TAst.Identifier('closeColumn'), TAst.Constant(1))
                 ]
@@ -860,7 +841,8 @@ begin
         );
 
     callAst := TAst.FunctionCall(ast, []);
-    resultValue := ExecuteAst(callAst, scope);
+
+    resultValue := testEnv.CompileAndExecute(callAst);
 
     Memo1.Lines.Add(Format('Result of script: %s', [resultValue.ToString]));
     UpdateScript;
@@ -920,7 +902,7 @@ begin
             ]
         );
 
-    result := ExecuteAst(root, FGScope);
+    result := ExecuteAst(root);
 
     sw.Stop;
     Memo1.Lines.Add(Format('Result of the final expression: %s (calculated in %d ms)', [result.ToString, sw.ElapsedMilliseconds]));
@@ -941,90 +923,46 @@ const
     smaSlowLength = 20;
     smaFastLength = 10;
 var
-    scope: IExecutionScope;
     values: TArray<TScalar.TValue>;
     recordValue: TScalarRecord;
-    setupAst, boundCallAst, callAst, typedAst: IAstNode;
-    setupDescriptor, callDescriptor: IScopeDescriptor;
-    seriesAddress: TResolvedSymbol; // Use TResolvedSymbol
+    setupAst: IAstNode;
+    callExec: IExecutable;
 begin
     Memo1.Lines.Clear;
     Memo1.Lines.Add(Format('--- Simulating O(1) SMA Crossover Strategy for %d ticks ---', [numRecs]));
     var sw := TStopwatch.StartNew;
     setupAst :=
-        TAst.Block(
-            [
-                TAst.VarDecl(TAst.Identifier('smaFast'), TAst.FunctionCall(TAst.Identifier('CreateSMA'), [TAst.Constant(smaFastLength)])),
-                TAst.VarDecl(TAst.Identifier('smaSlow'), TAst.FunctionCall(TAst.Identifier('CreateSMA'), [TAst.Constant(smaSlowLength)])),
-                TAst.VarDecl(
-                    TAst.Identifier('maCrossStrategy'),
-                    TAst.LambdaExpr(
-                        [TAst.Identifier('ohlcv')],
-                        TAst.Block(
-                            [
-                                TAst.VarDecl(
-                                    TAst.Identifier('closeSeries'),
-                                    TAst.MemberAccess(TAst.Identifier('ohlcv'), TAst.Keyword('Close'))
-                                ),
-                                TAst.VarDecl(
-                                    TAst.Identifier('currentClose'),
-                                    TAst.Indexer(TAst.Identifier('closeSeries'), TAst.Constant(0))
-                                ),
-                                TAst.VarDecl(
-                                    TAst.Identifier('valSmaFast'),
-                                    TAst.FunctionCall(
-                                        TAst.Identifier('smaFast'),
-                                        [TAst.Identifier('closeSeries'), TAst.Identifier('currentClose')]
-                                    )
-                                ),
-                                TAst.VarDecl(
-                                    TAst.Identifier('valSmaSlow'),
-                                    TAst.FunctionCall(
-                                        TAst.Identifier('smaSlow'),
-                                        [TAst.Identifier('closeSeries'), TAst.Identifier('currentClose')]
-                                    )
-                                ),
-                                TAst.TernaryExpr(
-                                    TAst.BinaryExpr(
-                                        TAst.Identifier('valSmaFast'),
-                                        TScalar.TBinaryOp.Greater,
-                                        TAst.Identifier('valSmaSlow')
-                                    ),
-                                    TAst.Constant(1),
-                                    TAst.Constant(-1)
-                                )
-                            ]
-                        )
-                    )
+        TAstScript.Parse(
+            '''
+            (do
+              (def smaFast (CreateSMA 10))
+              (def smaSlow (CreateSMA 20))
+              (fn [ohlcv]
+                (do
+                  (def closeSeries (:Close ohlcv))
+                  (def currentClose (get closeSeries 0))
+                  (def valSmaFast (smaFast closeSeries currentClose))
+                  (def valSmaSlow (smaSlow closeSeries currentClose))
+                  (? (> valSmaFast valSmaSlow) 1 -1)
                 )
-            ]
+              )
+            )
+            '''
         );
 
-    // 1. Compile and execute the setup script.
-    typedAst := CompileAst(setupAst, FGScope, setupDescriptor);
-    scope := setupDescriptor.CreateScope(FGScope);
-    var setupVisitor := CreateEvaluator(scope);
-    setupVisitor.Execute(typedAst);
+    FCurrUnboundAst := setupAst;
+    UpdateScript;
+    Application.ProcessMessages;
 
-    // 2. Prepare for the simulation loop
-    scope.Define('current_series', TDataValue.Void);
-    var currentSeriesIdent := TAst.Identifier('current_series');
-    callAst := TAst.FunctionCall(TAst.Identifier('maCrossStrategy'), [currentSeriesIdent]);
+    var env := FEnvironment.CreateEnvironment;
 
-    // 3. Re-compile the call AST within the now-populated scope to resolve the new variable.
-    boundCallAst := CompileAst(callAst, scope, callDescriptor);
+    env.Define('maCrossStrategy', setupAst);
 
-    // 4. Get the address of 'current_series' from the new descriptor.
-    seriesAddress := callDescriptor.FindSymbol('current_series');
-    // Check seriesAddress.Address.Kind instead of seriesAddress.Kind
-    if seriesAddress.Address.Kind = akUnresolved then
-        raise Exception.Create('Could not resolve current_series address.');
+    var seriesAddress := env.RootScope.Define('current_series', TDataValue.Void);
 
-    // 5. Create the final scope and visitor for the simulation loop.
-    var loopScope := callDescriptor.CreateScope(scope);
-    var visitor := CreateEvaluator(loopScope);
+    callExec := env.Compile(TAst.FunctionCall(TAst.Identifier('maCrossStrategy'), [TAst.Identifier('current_series')]));
 
-    // 6. Simulation Loop
+    // Simulation Loop
     Memo1.Lines.Clear;
     Memo1.Lines.Add('Starting simulation...');
     Application.ProcessMessages;
@@ -1058,9 +996,10 @@ begin
 
         if series.AsRecordSeries.TotalCount >= smaSlowLength then
         begin
-            // Use seriesAddress.Address instead of seriesAddress
-            loopScope[seriesAddress.Address] := series;
-            var resultValue := visitor.Execute(boundCallAst);
+            env.RootScope[seriesAddress] := series;
+
+            var resultValue := env.Execute(callExec);
+
             if i mod 50 = 0 then
             begin
                 Memo1.Lines.Add(Format('Tick %d/%d: Close = %.2f, Signal = %s', [i, numRecs, ohlcvRec.Close, resultValue.ToString]));
@@ -1106,7 +1045,7 @@ begin
             ]
         );
 
-    result := ExecuteAst(root, FGScope);
+    result := ExecuteAst(root);
     sw.Stop;
 
     Memo1.Lines.Add(Format('Result: %s', [result.ToString]));
@@ -1117,7 +1056,6 @@ end;
 procedure TForm1.CreateTriggerExampleButtonClick(Sender: TObject);
 var
     blk: IAstNode;
-    visitor: IEvaluatorVisitor;
 begin
     Memo1.Lines.Clear;
     Memo1.Lines.Add('--- Creating Trigger Blueprint ---');
@@ -1138,33 +1076,37 @@ begin
             ]
         );
 
-    // Run the pipeline
-    FCurrAst := CompileAst(blk, FGScope, FCurrDesc);
-    FTriggerScope := FCurrDesc.CreateScope(FGScope);
+    FTriggerTest := FEnvironment.CreateEnvironment;
 
-    visitor := CreateEvaluator(FTriggerScope);
-    visitor.Execute(FCurrAst);
+    FTriggerTest.Define('X', TAst.VarDecl(TAst.Identifier('X'), TAst.Constant(0)));
+    FTriggerTest.Define(
+        'tickHandler',
+        TAst.LambdaExpr(
+            [TAst.Identifier('summand')],
+            TAst.Assign(TAst.Identifier('X'), TAst.BinaryExpr(TAst.Identifier('X'), TScalar.TBinaryOp.Add, TAst.Identifier('summand')))
+        )
+    );
 
     Memo1.Lines.Add('Variable "X" and function "tickHandler" defined in persistent scope.');
     Memo1.Lines.Add('Click "Do Trigger" to execute.');
     UpdateScript;
 end;
 
-function TForm1.CreateEvaluator(const Scope: IExecutionScope): IEvaluatorVisitor;
+procedure TForm1.DebugBoxChange(Sender: TObject);
 begin
     if DebugBox.IsChecked then
-        Result := TDebugEvaluatorVisitor.Create(Scope, Memo1.Lines, ShowScopeBox.IsChecked)
+        FEnvironment.SetDebugMode(Memo1.Lines, ShowScopeBox.IsChecked)
     else
-        Result := TEvaluatorVisitor.Create(Scope);
+        FEnvironment.SetStandardMode;
 end;
 
 procedure TForm1.DoTriggerButtonClick(Sender: TObject);
 var
-    callAst: IFunctionCallNode;
+    callAst: IAstNode;
 begin
     callAst := TAst.FunctionCall(TAst.Identifier('tickHandler'), [TAst.Constant(1)]);
 
-    var X := ExecuteAst(callAst, FTriggerScope);
+    var X := FTriggerTest.CompileAndExecute(callAst);
 
     Memo1.Lines.Add(Format('Tick(1)! New value of X: %s', [X.ToString]));
     UpdateScript;
@@ -1172,11 +1114,11 @@ end;
 
 procedure TForm1.DoTrigger2ButtonClick(Sender: TObject);
 var
-    callAst: IFunctionCallNode;
+    callAst: IAstNode;
 begin
     callAst := TAst.FunctionCall(TAst.Identifier('tickHandler'), [TAst.Constant(2)]);
 
-    var X := ExecuteAst(callAst, FTriggerScope);
+    var X := FTriggerTest.CompileAndExecute(callAst);
 
     Memo1.Lines.Add(Format('Tick(2)! New value of X: %s', [X.ToString]));
     UpdateScript;
@@ -1184,16 +1126,13 @@ end;
 
 procedure TForm1.ExternalFuncButtonClick(Sender: TObject);
 var
-    scope: IExecutionScope;
     callAst: IAstNode;
     resultValue: TDataValue;
 begin
     Memo1.Lines.Clear;
     Memo1.Lines.Add('--- Calling external Delphi function from AST ---');
 
-    scope := TAst.CreateScope(FGScope);
-
-    scope.Define(
+    FEnvironment.RootScope.Define(
         'delphiAdd',
         function(const ArgNodes: TArray<TDataValue>): TDataValue
         var
@@ -1209,7 +1148,7 @@ begin
 
     callAst := TAst.FunctionCall(TAst.Identifier('delphiAdd'), [TAst.Constant(100), TAst.Constant(123)]);
 
-    resultValue := ExecuteAst(callAst, scope);
+    resultValue := ExecuteAst(callAst);
     Memo1.Lines.Add(Format('Result from delphiAdd(100, 123): %s', [resultValue.ToString]));
     UpdateScript;
 end;
@@ -1246,7 +1185,7 @@ begin
     Memo1.Lines.Clear;
     Memo1.Lines.Add('--- Executing Corrected Upvalue Test ---');
 
-    resultValue := ExecuteAst(mainBlock, FGScope);
+    resultValue := ExecuteAst(mainBlock);
 
     var res := resultValue.AsScalar.Value.AsInt64;
     if res = 15 then
@@ -1347,7 +1286,7 @@ begin
     try
         try
             // Execute the entire script block when it changes
-            var result := ExecuteAst(TAstScript.Parse(ScriptMemo.Lines.Text), FGScope);
+            var result := ExecuteAst(TAstScript.Parse(ScriptMemo.Lines.Text));
             Memo1.Lines.Add(Format('Script executed. Final result: %s', [result.ToString]));
         finally
             ShowVizualization(14, 14);
@@ -1372,14 +1311,14 @@ begin
 
     FWorkspace.Build(FCurrUnboundAst, TPointF.Create(X, Y));
     //
-    //   if FCurrAst <> nil then
-    //   begin
-    //       FWorkspace.Build(FCurrAst, TPointF.Create(X, Y));
-    //   end
-    //   else if FCurrUnboundAst <> nil then
-    //   begin
-    //       FWorkspace.Build(FCurrUnboundAst, TPointF.Create(X, Y));
-    //   end;
+    //  if FCurrExec <> nil then
+    //  begin
+    //      FWorkspace.Build(FCurrExec.CompiledAst, TPointF.Create(X, Y));
+    //  end
+    //  else if FCurrUnboundAst <> nil then
+    //  begin
+    //      FWorkspace.Build(FCurrUnboundAst, TPointF.Create(X, Y));
+    //  end;
 end;
 
 end.

Src/AST/Myc.Ast.Compiler.Binder.pas

@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@ type
         type
             TUpvalueMapping = TDictionary<TResolvedAddress, Integer>;
     private
-        FInitialScope: IExecutionScope;
         FCurrentDescriptor: IScopeDescriptor;
         FUpvalueStack: TStack<TUpvalueMapping>;
         FNestedLambdaCount: Integer;
@@ -54,12 +53,12 @@ type
         function VisitSeriesLength(const Node: ISeriesLengthNode): IAstNode; override;
 
     public
-        constructor Create(const AInitialScope: IExecutionScope);
+        constructor Create(const AInitialDescriptor: IScopeDescriptor);
         destructor Destroy; override;
         function Execute(const RootNode: IAstNode; out Descriptor: IScopeDescriptor): IAstNode;
 
         class function Bind(
-            const InitialScope: IExecutionScope;
+            const InitialDescriptor: IScopeDescriptor;
             const RootNode: IAstNode;
             out Descriptor: IScopeDescriptor
         ): IAstNode; static;
@@ -96,13 +95,12 @@ end;
 
 { TAstBinder }
 
-constructor TAstBinder.Create(const AInitialScope: IExecutionScope);
+constructor TAstBinder.Create(const AInitialDescriptor: IScopeDescriptor);
 begin
     inherited Create;
-    Assert(Assigned(AInitialScope));
+    Assert(Assigned(AInitialDescriptor));
 
-    FInitialScope := AInitialScope;
-    FCurrentDescriptor := AInitialScope.CreateDescriptor;
+    FCurrentDescriptor := AInitialDescriptor;
     FUpvalueStack := TObjectStack<TUpvalueMapping>.Create(True); // Use Comparer
     FNestedLambdaCount := 0;
     FBoxedDeclarations := nil;
@@ -115,9 +113,13 @@ begin
     inherited;
 end;
 
-class function TAstBinder.Bind(const InitialScope: IExecutionScope; const RootNode: IAstNode; out Descriptor: IScopeDescriptor): IAstNode;
+class function TAstBinder.Bind(
+    const InitialDescriptor: IScopeDescriptor;
+    const RootNode: IAstNode;
+    out Descriptor: IScopeDescriptor
+): IAstNode;
 begin
-    var binder := TAstBinder.Create(InitialScope) as IAstBinder;
+    var binder := TAstBinder.Create(InitialDescriptor) as IAstBinder;
     Result := binder.Execute(RootNode, Descriptor);
 end;
 
@@ -155,7 +157,6 @@ begin
     try
         EnterScope;
         try
-            // Main pass: Run the mutator
             Result := Accept(RootNode); // Accept returns IAstNode
             if not Assigned(Result) then
                 Result := TAst.Block([]);

Src/AST/Myc.Ast.Compiler.Macros.pas

@@ -12,11 +12,12 @@ uses
     Myc.Ast.Visitor,
     Myc.Ast.Scope,
     Myc.Ast.Types,
-    Myc.Ast;
+    Myc.Ast,
+    Myc.Ast.Environment; // Added for IMacroRegistry
 
 type
     IAstMacroExpander = interface(IAstVisitor)
-        // Signatur geändert: Descriptor wird nicht mehr zurückgegeben
+        // Signatur geaendert: Descriptor wird nicht mehr zurueckgegeben
         function Execute(const RootNode: IAstNode): IAstNode;
     end;
 
@@ -46,28 +47,10 @@ type
     // This transformer traverses the entire AST *before* the binder,
     // to find and expand macros.
     TMacroExpander = class(TAstTransformer, IAstMacroExpander)
-        type
-            TMacroRegistry = class
-            private
-                FParent: TMacroRegistry;
-                FMacros: TDictionary<string, IMacroDefinitionNode>;
-            public
-                constructor Create(AParent: TMacroRegistry);
-                destructor Destroy; override;
-                procedure Define(const Node: IMacroDefinitionNode);
-                function Find(const Name: string): IMacroDefinitionNode;
-            end;
-
-    strict private
-        class var
-            FGlobalMacroRegistry: TMacroRegistry;
-        class constructor CreateClass;
-        class destructor DestroyClass;
-
     private
         FInitialScope: IExecutionScope;
 
-        FCurrentMacroRegistry: TMacroRegistry;
+        FCurrentMacroRegistry: IMacroRegistry; // Changed from TMacroRegistry
 
         FEvaluatorFactory: TEvaluatorFactory;
 
@@ -87,18 +70,23 @@ type
         function VisitLambdaExpression(const Node: ILambdaExpressionNode): IAstNode; override;
 
     public
-        constructor Create(const AInitialScope: IExecutionScope; const AEvaluatorFactory: TEvaluatorFactory);
-        destructor Destroy; override;
+        // Updated Constructor
+        constructor Create(
+            const ARootRegistry: IMacroRegistry;
+            const AInitialScope: IExecutionScope;
+            const AEvaluatorFactory: TEvaluatorFactory
+        );
+        destructor Destroy; override; // Modified
 
         function Execute(const RootNode: IAstNode): IAstNode;
 
+        // Updated static helper
         class function ExpandMacros(
-            const InitialScope: IExecutionScope;
+            const ARootRegistry: IMacroRegistry; // Added
+            const AInitialScope: IExecutionScope;
             const RootNode: IAstNode;
             const EvaluatorFactory: TEvaluatorFactory
         ): IAstNode; static;
-
-        class property GlobalMacroRegistry: TMacroRegistry read FGlobalMacroRegistry;
     end;
 
 implementation
@@ -109,40 +97,6 @@ uses
     Myc.Ast.Evaluator, // Required for TEvaluatorVisitor.Execute
     Myc.Data.Keyword;
 
-{ TMacroRegistry }
-
-constructor TMacroExpander.TMacroRegistry.Create(AParent: TMacroRegistry);
-begin
-    inherited Create;
-    FParent := AParent;
-    FMacros := TDictionary<string, IMacroDefinitionNode>.Create;
-end;
-
-destructor TMacroExpander.TMacroRegistry.Destroy;
-begin
-    FMacros.Free;
-    inherited Destroy;
-end;
-
-procedure TMacroExpander.TMacroRegistry.Define(const Node: IMacroDefinitionNode);
-begin
-    FMacros.AddOrSetValue(Node.Name.Name, Node);
-end;
-
-function TMacroExpander.TMacroRegistry.Find(const Name: string): IMacroDefinitionNode;
-var
-    current: TMacroRegistry;
-begin
-    current := Self;
-    while Assigned(current) do
-    begin
-        if current.FMacros.TryGetValue(Name, Result) then
-            exit;
-        current := current.FParent;
-    end;
-    Result := nil;
-end;
-
 { TExpansionVisitor }
 
 constructor TExpansionVisitor.Create(const AMacroScope: IExecutionScope; const AEvaluate: TEvaluateProc);
@@ -288,57 +242,52 @@ end;
 
 { TMacroExpander }
 
-constructor TMacroExpander.Create(const AInitialScope: IExecutionScope; const AEvaluatorFactory: TEvaluatorFactory);
+constructor TMacroExpander.Create(
+    const ARootRegistry: IMacroRegistry;
+    const AInitialScope: IExecutionScope;
+    const AEvaluatorFactory: TEvaluatorFactory
+);
 begin
     inherited Create;
+    Assert(Assigned(ARootRegistry));
     Assert(Assigned(AInitialScope));
     Assert(Assigned(AEvaluatorFactory));
+
     FInitialScope := AInitialScope;
     FEvaluatorFactory := AEvaluatorFactory;
 
-    // Erzeugt die Root-Registry für Makros
-    FCurrentMacroRegistry := TMacroRegistry.Create(FGlobalMacroRegistry);
-end;
-
-class constructor TMacroExpander.CreateClass;
-begin
-    FGlobalMacroRegistry := TMacroRegistry.Create(nil);
+    // Creates the root registry for this specific compilation run,
+    // parented to the global registry from the environment.
+    FCurrentMacroRegistry := ARootRegistry.CreateChildRegistry;
 end;
 
 destructor TMacroExpander.Destroy;
 begin
-    FCurrentMacroRegistry.Free;
+    // FCurrentMacroRegistry is an interface, managed by ARC
     inherited Destroy;
 end;
 
-class destructor TMacroExpander.DestroyClass;
-begin
-    FGlobalMacroRegistry.Free;
-end;
-
 procedure TMacroExpander.EnterMacroScope;
 begin
-    // Erstellt eine neue Registry mit der aktuellen als Parent
-    FCurrentMacroRegistry := TMacroRegistry.Create(FCurrentMacroRegistry);
+    // Creates a new registry with the current as Parent
+    FCurrentMacroRegistry := FCurrentMacroRegistry.CreateChildRegistry;
 end;
 
 procedure TMacroExpander.ExitMacroScope;
-var
-    oldRegistry: TMacroRegistry;
 begin
-    oldRegistry := FCurrentMacroRegistry;
-    FCurrentMacroRegistry := oldRegistry.FParent;
-    oldRegistry.Free;
+    // Revert to parent registry. ARC will free the old child.
+    FCurrentMacroRegistry := FCurrentMacroRegistry.Parent;
 end;
 
 class function TMacroExpander.ExpandMacros(
-    const InitialScope: IExecutionScope;
+    const ARootRegistry: IMacroRegistry;
+    const AInitialScope: IExecutionScope;
     const RootNode: IAstNode;
     const EvaluatorFactory: TEvaluatorFactory
 ): IAstNode;
 begin
-    // IAstMacroExpander.Execute gibt keinen Descriptor mehr zurück
-    var expander := TMacroExpander.Create(InitialScope, EvaluatorFactory) as IAstMacroExpander;
+    // IAstMacroExpander.Execute gibt keinen Descriptor mehr zurueck
+    var expander := TMacroExpander.Create(ARootRegistry, AInitialScope, EvaluatorFactory) as IAstMacroExpander;
     Result := expander.Execute(RootNode);
 end;
 
@@ -400,7 +349,7 @@ begin
     // --- It is a macro, expand it ---
 
     // 1. Create the temporary scope for the macro parameters
-    //    It must be parented to the *initial* scope to find other macros/globals.
+    //    It must be parented to the *initial* scope to find other globals.
     var expansionScope := TAst.CreateScope(FInitialScope);
     var params := macroDef.Parameters;
     if Length(Node.Arguments) <> Length(params) then
@@ -422,8 +371,8 @@ begin
             boundSubAst: IAstNode;
         begin
             // This is the compile-time evaluation (Binder + Evaluator)
-            // Es wird der 'expansionScope' verwendet, der die AST-Argumente enthält
-            boundSubAst := TAstBinder.Bind(expansionScope, ANodeToEvaluate, subDescriptor);
+            // Es wird der 'expansionScope' verwendet, der die AST-Argumente enthaelt
+            boundSubAst := TAstBinder.Bind(expansionScope.CreateDescriptor, ANodeToEvaluate, subDescriptor);
 
             // Create eval scope from the new descriptor, parented to the expansion scope
             evalScope := subDescriptor.CreateScope(expansionScope);

Src/AST/Myc.Ast.Environment.pas

@@ -0,0 +1,419 @@
+unit Myc.Ast.Environment;
+
+interface
+
+uses
+    System.SysUtils,
+    System.Classes,
+    System.Generics.Collections,
+    Myc.Data.Value,
+    Myc.Ast,
+    Myc.Ast.Nodes,
+    Myc.Ast.Scope;
+
+type
+    IMacroRegistry = interface; // Forward
+    IEnvironment = interface; // Forward
+    IExecutionStrategy = interface; // Forward
+    IExecutable = interface; // Forward
+
+    // Defines the Strategy for creating an Evaluator.
+    IExecutionStrategy = interface
+        function CreateVisitor(const AScope: IExecutionScope): IEvaluatorVisitor;
+    end;
+
+    // Defines the compile-time macro storage.
+    IMacroRegistry = interface
+        {$region 'private'}
+        function GetParent: IMacroRegistry;
+        {$endregion}
+
+        procedure Define(const Node: IMacroDefinitionNode);
+        function Find(const Name: string): IMacroDefinitionNode;
+        function CreateChildRegistry: IMacroRegistry;
+        property Parent: IMacroRegistry read GetParent;
+    end;
+
+    // Represents a compiled, ready-to-run script.
+    // This encapsulates the compiled AST and its internal layout (Descriptor).
+    IExecutable = interface
+        {$region 'private'}
+        function GetCompiledAst: IAstNode;
+        function GetDescriptor: IScopeDescriptor;
+        {$endregion}
+
+        // The final, compiled AST (for debugging, serialization, etc.)
+        property CompiledAst: IAstNode read GetCompiledAst;
+        // The internal layout (hidden from TForm1, used by IEnvironment.Execute)
+        property Descriptor: IScopeDescriptor read GetDescriptor;
+    end;
+
+    // Defines the central environment for compilation and execution.
+    IEnvironment = interface
+        {$region 'private'}
+        function GetRootScope: IExecutionScope;
+        function GetMacroRegistry: IMacroRegistry;
+        {$endregion}
+
+        procedure SetExecutionStrategy(const AStrategy: IExecutionStrategy);
+
+        // Compiles source AST into a runnable script.
+        function Compile(const ANode: IAstNode): IExecutable; // Changed return type
+
+        // Executes a previously compiled script.
+        function Execute(const AScript: IExecutable): TDataValue;
+
+        function CreateEnvironment: IEnvironment;
+
+        property RootScope: IExecutionScope read GetRootScope;
+        property MacroRegistry: IMacroRegistry read GetMacroRegistry;
+    end;
+
+    // Interface Helper for IEnvironment
+    TAstEnvironment = record
+    private
+        FEnvironment: IEnvironment;
+        function GetRootScope: IExecutionScope; inline;
+        function GetMacroRegistry: IMacroRegistry; inline;
+    public
+        constructor Create(const AEnvironment: IEnvironment);
+
+        class operator Initialize(out Dest: TAstEnvironment);
+        class operator Implicit(const A: IEnvironment): TAstEnvironment;
+        class operator Implicit(const A: TAstEnvironment): IEnvironment;
+
+        function CreateEnvironment: TAstEnvironment;
+
+        procedure SetStandardMode;
+        procedure SetDebugMode(ALog: TStrings; AShowScope: Boolean);
+
+        function Compile(const ANode: IAstNode): IExecutable;
+        function Execute(const AScript: IExecutable): TDataValue;
+
+        function CompileAndExecute(const AScript: IAstNode): TDataValue;
+
+        procedure Define(const Name: String; const AScript: IAstNode);
+
+        property RootScope: IExecutionScope read GetRootScope;
+        property MacroRegistry: IMacroRegistry read GetMacroRegistry;
+    end;
+
+implementation
+
+uses
+    Myc.Ast.RTL,
+    Myc.Ast.Evaluator,
+    Myc.Ast.Debugger,
+    Myc.Ast.Compiler.Macros,
+    Myc.Ast.Compiler.Binder,
+    Myc.Ast.Compiler.TypeChecker,
+    Myc.Ast.Compiler.Lowering,
+    Myc.Ast.Compiler.TCO;
+
+type
+    { TStandardExecutionStrategy }
+    TStandardExecutionStrategy = class(TInterfacedObject, IExecutionStrategy)
+    public
+        function CreateVisitor(const AScope: IExecutionScope): IEvaluatorVisitor;
+    end;
+
+    { TDebugExecutionStrategy }
+    TDebugExecutionStrategy = class(TInterfacedObject, IExecutionStrategy)
+    private
+        FLog: TStrings;
+        FShowScope: Boolean;
+    public
+        constructor Create(ALog: TStrings; AShowScope: Boolean);
+        function CreateVisitor(const AScope: IExecutionScope): IEvaluatorVisitor;
+    end;
+
+    { TMacroRegistryImpl }
+    TMacroRegistryImpl = class(TInterfacedObject, IMacroRegistry)
+    private
+        FParent: IMacroRegistry;
+        FMacros: TDictionary<string, IMacroDefinitionNode>;
+        function GetParent: IMacroRegistry;
+    public
+        constructor Create(AParent: IMacroRegistry);
+        destructor Destroy; override;
+        procedure Define(const Node: IMacroDefinitionNode);
+        function Find(const Name: string): IMacroDefinitionNode;
+        function CreateChildRegistry: IMacroRegistry;
+    end;
+
+    { TExecutable }
+    TExecutable = class(TInterfacedObject, IExecutable)
+    private
+        FCompiledAst: IAstNode;
+        FDescriptor: IScopeDescriptor;
+        function GetCompiledAst: IAstNode;
+        function GetDescriptor: IScopeDescriptor;
+    public
+        constructor Create(ACompiledAst: IAstNode; ADescriptor: IScopeDescriptor);
+    end;
+
+    { TEnvironment }
+    TEnvironment = class(TInterfacedObject, IEnvironment)
+    private
+        FRootScope: IExecutionScope;
+        FMacroRegistry: IMacroRegistry;
+        FExecutionStrategy: IExecutionStrategy;
+        function GetRootScope: IExecutionScope;
+        function GetMacroRegistry: IMacroRegistry;
+    public
+        constructor Create(
+            const ARootScope: IExecutionScope;
+            const AMacroRegistry: IMacroRegistry;
+            const AExecutionStrategy: IExecutionStrategy
+        );
+        destructor Destroy; override;
+
+        function CreateEnvironment: IEnvironment;
+
+        procedure SetExecutionStrategy(const AStrategy: IExecutionStrategy);
+
+        function Compile(const ANode: IAstNode): IExecutable;
+        function Execute(const AScript: IExecutable): TDataValue;
+    end;
+
+// --- Factory Implementations ---
+
+{ TAstEnvironment }
+
+class operator TAstEnvironment.Initialize(out Dest: TAstEnvironment);
+begin
+    Dest.FEnvironment :=
+        TEnvironment.Create(TScope.CreateScope(nil, nil, nil), TMacroRegistryImpl.Create(nil), TStandardExecutionStrategy.Create);
+end;
+
+constructor TAstEnvironment.Create(const AEnvironment: IEnvironment);
+begin
+    FEnvironment := AEnvironment;
+end;
+
+procedure TAstEnvironment.SetStandardMode;
+begin
+    FEnvironment.SetExecutionStrategy(TStandardExecutionStrategy.Create);
+end;
+
+procedure TAstEnvironment.SetDebugMode(ALog: TStrings; AShowScope: Boolean);
+begin
+    FEnvironment.SetExecutionStrategy(TDebugExecutionStrategy.Create(ALog, AShowScope));
+end;
+
+class operator TAstEnvironment.Implicit(const A: IEnvironment): TAstEnvironment;
+begin
+    Result.FEnvironment := A;
+end;
+
+class operator TAstEnvironment.Implicit(const A: TAstEnvironment): IEnvironment;
+begin
+    Result := A.FEnvironment;
+end;
+
+function TAstEnvironment.Compile(const ANode: IAstNode): IExecutable;
+begin
+    Result := FEnvironment.Compile(ANode);
+end;
+
+function TAstEnvironment.CompileAndExecute(const AScript: IAstNode): TDataValue;
+begin
+    Result := Execute(Compile(AScript));
+end;
+
+function TAstEnvironment.CreateEnvironment: TAstEnvironment;
+begin
+    Result := FEnvironment.CreateEnvironment;
+end;
+
+procedure TAstEnvironment.Define(const Name: String; const AScript: IAstNode);
+begin
+    RootScope.Define(Name, CompileAndExecute(AScript));
+end;
+
+function TAstEnvironment.Execute(const AScript: IExecutable): TDataValue;
+begin
+    Result := FEnvironment.Execute(AScript);
+end;
+
+function TAstEnvironment.GetRootScope: IExecutionScope;
+begin
+    Result := FEnvironment.GetRootScope;
+end;
+
+function TAstEnvironment.GetMacroRegistry: IMacroRegistry;
+begin
+    Result := FEnvironment.GetMacroRegistry;
+end;
+
+{ TStandardExecutionStrategy }
+
+function TStandardExecutionStrategy.CreateVisitor(const AScope: IExecutionScope): IEvaluatorVisitor;
+begin
+    Result := TEvaluatorVisitor.Create(AScope);
+end;
+
+{ TDebugExecutionStrategy }
+
+constructor TDebugExecutionStrategy.Create(ALog: TStrings; AShowScope: Boolean);
+begin
+    inherited Create;
+    FLog := ALog;
+    FShowScope := AShowScope;
+end;
+
+function TDebugExecutionStrategy.CreateVisitor(const AScope: IExecutionScope): IEvaluatorVisitor;
+begin
+    Result := TDebugEvaluatorVisitor.Create(AScope, FLog, FShowScope, 0);
+end;
+
+{ TMacroRegistryImpl }
+
+constructor TMacroRegistryImpl.Create(AParent: IMacroRegistry);
+begin
+    inherited Create;
+    FParent := AParent;
+    FMacros := TDictionary<string, IMacroDefinitionNode>.Create;
+end;
+
+destructor TMacroRegistryImpl.Destroy;
+begin
+    FMacros.Free;
+    inherited Destroy;
+end;
+
+function TMacroRegistryImpl.GetParent: IMacroRegistry;
+begin
+    Result := FParent;
+end;
+
+procedure TMacroRegistryImpl.Define(const Node: IMacroDefinitionNode);
+begin
+    FMacros.AddOrSetValue(Node.Name.Name, Node);
+end;
+
+function TMacroRegistryImpl.Find(const Name: string): IMacroDefinitionNode;
+var
+    current: IMacroRegistry;
+begin
+    current := Self;
+    while Assigned(current) do
+    begin
+        if (current as TMacroRegistryImpl).FMacros.TryGetValue(Name, Result) then
+            exit;
+        current := current.Parent;
+    end;
+    Result := nil;
+end;
+
+function TMacroRegistryImpl.CreateChildRegistry: IMacroRegistry;
+begin
+    Result := TMacroRegistryImpl.Create(Self);
+end;
+
+{ TExecutable }
+
+constructor TExecutable.Create(ACompiledAst: IAstNode; ADescriptor: IScopeDescriptor);
+begin
+    inherited Create;
+    FCompiledAst := ACompiledAst;
+    FDescriptor := ADescriptor;
+end;
+
+function TExecutable.GetCompiledAst: IAstNode;
+begin
+    Result := FCompiledAst;
+end;
+
+function TExecutable.GetDescriptor: IScopeDescriptor;
+begin
+    Result := FDescriptor;
+end;
+
+{ TEnvironment }
+
+constructor TEnvironment.Create(
+    const ARootScope: IExecutionScope;
+    const AMacroRegistry: IMacroRegistry;
+    const AExecutionStrategy: IExecutionStrategy
+);
+begin
+    inherited Create;
+    FRootScope := ARootScope;
+    FMacroRegistry := AMacroRegistry;
+    FExecutionStrategy := AExecutionStrategy;
+end;
+
+destructor TEnvironment.Destroy;
+begin
+    inherited Destroy;
+end;
+
+function TEnvironment.GetMacroRegistry: IMacroRegistry;
+begin
+    Result := FMacroRegistry;
+end;
+
+function TEnvironment.GetRootScope: IExecutionScope;
+begin
+    Result := FRootScope;
+end;
+
+procedure TEnvironment.SetExecutionStrategy(const AStrategy: IExecutionStrategy);
+begin
+    FExecutionStrategy := AStrategy;
+end;
+
+function TEnvironment.Compile(const ANode: IAstNode): IExecutable;
+var
+    expandedAst, boundAst, typedAst, loweredAst: IAstNode;
+    descriptor: IScopeDescriptor;
+begin
+    // Step 1: Expand macros
+    expandedAst :=
+        TMacroExpander.ExpandMacros(
+            FMacroRegistry,
+            FRootScope,
+            ANode,
+            function(const Scope: IExecutionScope): IEvaluatorVisitor begin Result := FExecutionStrategy.CreateVisitor(Scope); end
+        );
+
+    // Step 2: Bind names
+    boundAst := TAstBinder.Bind(FRootScope.CreateDescriptor, expandedAst, descriptor);
+
+    // Step 3: Check types
+    typedAst := TTypeChecker.CheckTypes(boundAst, descriptor);
+
+    // Step 4: Lowering
+    loweredAst := TAstLowerer.Lower(typedAst);
+
+    // Step 5: TCO
+    var compiledAst := TAstTCO.Optimize(loweredAst);
+
+    // Step 6: Create the executable package
+    Result := TExecutable.Create(compiledAst, descriptor);
+end;
+
+function TEnvironment.CreateEnvironment: IEnvironment;
+begin
+    Result := TEnvironment.Create(TScope.CreateScope(FRootScope, nil, nil), TMacroRegistryImpl.Create(FMacroRegistry), FExecutionStrategy);
+end;
+
+function TEnvironment.Execute(const AScript: IExecutable): TDataValue;
+var
+    evalScope: IExecutionScope;
+    visitor: IEvaluatorVisitor;
+begin
+    // 1. Create the runtime scope *directly from the descriptor*.
+    // This creates the raw scope with the correct slot count for local variables,
+    // parented to FRootScope.
+    evalScope := AScript.Descriptor.CreateScope(FRootScope);
+
+    // 2. Use the strategy to create the final evaluator
+    visitor := FExecutionStrategy.CreateVisitor(evalScope);
+
+    // 3. Execute the compiled AST
+    Result := visitor.Execute(AScript.CompiledAst);
+end;
+
+end.

Src/AST/Myc.Ast.Nodes.pas

@@ -399,7 +399,7 @@ type
         function Execute(const RootNode: IAstNode): TDataValue;
     end;
 
-    // A factory for creating visitors, primarily used by the debugger subsystem.
+    // A factory for creating visitors
     TEvaluatorFactory = reference to function(const Scope: IExecutionScope): IEvaluatorVisitor;
 
 implementation

Src/AST/Myc.Ast.RTL.pas

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ uses
     Myc.Data.Scalar,
     Myc.Data.Value,
     Myc.Ast,
+    Myc.Ast.Scope,
     Myc.Ast.Nodes;
 
 type
@@ -21,12 +22,13 @@ type
         constructor Create(const AName: string);
     end;
 
+procedure RegisterRtlFunctions(const AScope: IExecutionScope);
+
 implementation
 
 uses
     System.Rtti,
     System.TypInfo,
-    Myc.Ast.Scope,
     Myc.Ast.RTL.Core;
 
 //--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Src/AST/Myc.Ast.Scope.pas

@@ -49,7 +49,8 @@ type
         procedure SetValues(const Address: TResolvedAddress; const Value: TDataValue);
         {$endregion}
 
-        procedure Define(const Name: string; const Value: TDataValue);
+        // Defines a symbol and returns its runtime address
+        function Define(const Name: string; const Value: TDataValue): TResolvedAddress;
 
         // Defines a variable at a given address and stores it directly in a shared cell (boxing).
         procedure DefineBoxed(SlotIndex: Integer; const Value: TDataValue);
@@ -59,6 +60,8 @@ type
         function Capture(const Address: TResolvedAddress): IValueCell;
 
         function GetNameID(const Name: String): Integer;
+        // Resolves a name to an address by searching the runtime scope chain.
+        function Resolve(const Name: string): TResolvedAddress;
 
         function CreateDescriptor: IScopeDescriptor;
 
@@ -143,8 +146,9 @@ type
         destructor Destroy; override;
         procedure Clear;
         function GetNameID(const Name: String): Integer;
+        function Resolve(const Name: string): TResolvedAddress;
         function Dump: string;
-        procedure Define(const Name: string; const Value: TDataValue);
+        function Define(const Name: string; const Value: TDataValue): TResolvedAddress;
         procedure DefineBoxed(SlotIndex: Integer; const Value: TDataValue);
         function Capture(const Address: TResolvedAddress): IValueCell;
         function CreateDescriptor: IScopeDescriptor;
@@ -336,7 +340,7 @@ begin
     Result := TScopeDescriptor.CreateDescriptor(Self);
 end;
 
-procedure TExecutionScope.Define(const Name: string; const Value: TDataValue);
+function TExecutionScope.Define(const Name: string; const Value: TDataValue): TResolvedAddress;
 var
     id: Integer;
     index: Integer;
@@ -351,6 +355,11 @@ begin
     FValues[index].Value := Value;
     FValues[index].IsBoxed := False;
     FNameToIndex.Add(id, index);
+
+    // Return the address
+    Result.Kind := akLocalOrParent;
+    Result.ScopeDepth := 0;
+    Result.SlotIndex := index;
 end;
 
 procedure TExecutionScope.DefineBoxed(SlotIndex: Integer; const Value: TDataValue);
@@ -480,6 +489,42 @@ begin
     end;
 end;
 
+function TExecutionScope.Resolve(const Name: string): TResolvedAddress;
+var
+    nameID: Integer;
+    slotIndex: Integer;
+    currentScope: IExecutionScope;
+    depth: Integer;
+begin
+    currentScope := Self;
+    depth := 0;
+    // GetNameID is shared (or recreated) across the scope chain
+    nameID := GetNameID(Name);
+
+    while Assigned(currentScope) do
+    begin
+        // We must cast to the implementation class to access 'NameToIndex'
+        var execScopeImpl := (currentScope as TExecutionScope);
+
+        // Accessing .NameToIndex property ensures NeedNameToIndex is called
+        if execScopeImpl.NameToIndex.TryGetValue(nameID, slotIndex) then
+        begin
+            // Found in this scope
+            Result.Kind := akLocalOrParent;
+            Result.ScopeDepth := depth;
+            Result.SlotIndex := slotIndex;
+            exit;
+        end;
+
+        // Not found, go to parent
+        inc(depth);
+        currentScope := currentScope.Parent;
+    end;
+
+    // Not found in the entire chain
+    Result := Default(TResolvedAddress); // Kind = akUnresolved
+end;
+
 procedure TExecutionScope.SetValues(const Address: TResolvedAddress; const Value: TDataValue);
 var
     targetScope: TExecutionScope;