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Brummel d83b10f939 refactor: rename Mode variants C/A to Lexical/Hybrid (closes #2)
The retrieval-mode enum used opaque single letters `Mode { C, A }`;
neither the identifier nor the operator-facing `--mode a` token
conveyed what the mode does. Rename to self-describing names that map
directly onto the glossary definitions:

  Mode::C -> Mode::Lexical  (BM25 + tag filter, offline, no IONOS)
  Mode::A -> Mode::Hybrid   (lexical u semantic -> RRF -> rerank)

Decisions taken (the issue's open questions, resolved):
- CLI canonical tokens are now `lexical` / `hybrid`; the default is
  `lexical`. The legacy `c` / `a` tokens stay accepted as
  case-insensitive input aliases (zero cost; protects hand-typed
  invocations). A unit test pins the alias contract.
- The diagnostics `mode` string (Debug-derived) now emits
  "Lexical"/"Hybrid". Verified safe: no downstream consumer parses it.
  doctate is the future integrator and embeds the library (the `Mode`
  enum), not the JSON string (design spec §103).
- The reserved, out-of-scope generative tier (spec's "Mode B") keeps
  conceptual room: a future `Mode::Generative` does not collide with
  the retrieval-strategy names Lexical/Hybrid.

Surface: enum + FromStr, CLI defaults and `eval --mode both`
expansion, the private `collect_mode_c`/`collect_mode_a` methods (now
`collect_lexical`/`collect_hybrid`) and their comments, the two
pipeline mode test files (renamed), the eval CLI test, the glossary
(old letter forms demoted to Avoid lists), and the spec CLI synopsis.

closes #2

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-05-31 19:15:08 +02:00

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# Glossary
Canonical nomenclature for alpha-id. This file is the source of truth for
the project's terminology: where any other document names a concept
differently, the canonical entry here — and its **Avoid** list — wins.
Each block is a canonical term, an **Avoid** line of synonyms not to use,
and a definition of at most two sentences. (Canonical terms are English,
per the repo-English rule; the spec's German prose forms appear as
synonyms to avoid.)
### alpha-id
**Avoid:** —
The Rust tool and CLI binary that turns caller-extracted diagnostic phrases into a ranked list of ICD-10-GM code suggestions. Distinct from Alpha-ID, the upstream data source it consumes.
### Alpha-ID
**Avoid:** —
The BfArM Alpha-ID dataset mapping free-text diagnosis phrases to ICD-10-GM codes; the source of the match corpus. Distinct from alpha-id, the tool that consumes it.
### extracted phrase
**Avoid:** segment, unit, Einheit, Formulierung
One caller-extracted diagnostic phrase (one input line) — the unit that is matched and ranked. In source code this concept is carried by the identifier `segment` (e.g. `split_segments`, `source_segments`), which is retained as a code term only.
### Mode Lexical
**Avoid:** Mode C, Modus C, mode c
The lexical-baseline retrieval mode: BM25 over the corpus plus tag filtering, with no IONOS calls. Also the degrade target for Mode Hybrid.
### Mode Hybrid
**Avoid:** Mode A, Modus A, mode a, semantic mode
The hybrid retrieval mode: lexical and semantic (IONOS embedding) pools fused via RRF, then cross-encoder reranked. Degrades to Mode Lexical on any IONOS failure.
### billable
**Avoid:** abrechenbar, Abrechenbarkeit
An ICD code marked `Para295 == "P"` in ClaML, i.e. valid as a standalone billing diagnosis. The `--billable-only` filter and the BillableRecall@10 metric key off this tag.
### ClaML
**Avoid:** —
The Classification Markup Language XML distribution of ICD-10-GM, parsed for code metadata (chapter, billability, descriptions) and for modifier expansion.
### modifier expansion
**Avoid:** subclassification, Subklassifikation
The ClaML process of generating terminal sub-digit codes (e.g. `E11.90`) by applying `<ModifierClass>` definitions, referenced via `<ModifiedBy>`, to a parent category. Produces the synthesized billable leaf codes the corpus matches against.
### RRF
**Avoid:** —
Reciprocal Rank Fusion: the rank-based method that merges the lexical and semantic candidate lists into one fused pool in Mode Hybrid.
### rerank
**Avoid:** —
The Mode Hybrid cross-encoder step that rescores the fused candidate pool against the query phrase, using the IONOS reranker model.
### corpus
**Avoid:** Korpus, match corpus
The set of Alpha-ID phrase entries that retrieval matches against.
### embedding store
**Avoid:** embedding cache
The per-phrase, content-hash-keyed persistent store of corpus embeddings under `index/`. Resumable, so an interrupted full embedding run can be continued.
### vector index
**Avoid:** ANN index
The in-RAM matrix of corpus embeddings searched by exact cosine similarity for the semantic pool. Built only when every corpus entry has a cached embedding; otherwise Mode Hybrid degrades.
### degrade
**Avoid:** —
Mode Hybrid falling back to Mode Lexical when any IONOS step fails (embed, rerank, or a missing vector index); the request is still answered and `degraded` is set in diagnostics. Distinct from the 5-char-parent lookup fallback in `meta_lookup`.
### tag filter
**Avoid:** —
The predicate that drops suggestions by their tags — `billable_only`, `valid_only`, `exclude_exotic`, and `chapters` — applied after ranking and before truncating to the top-k.
### eval harness
**Avoid:** —
The offline evaluation that injects transcription errors into known billable phrases and measures whether the true code returns in the top-10.
### exotic
**Avoid:** —
An ICD code tagged `Meta == "J"` in ClaML, marking a rare/exotic code; removable via `--exclude-exotic`.
### chapter
**Avoid:** —
The ICD-10-GM chapter, stored as a zero-padded two-digit string ("01".."22") derived from the ClaML Roman-numeral chapter code. The `--chapters` filter matches against this value.
### BillableRecall@10
**Avoid:** —
The project's lead metric: the share of billable-code eval cases whose true code appears in the top-10 suggestions.